What to do if the vacuum cleaner pulls badly or does not suck up dust, the reasons and how to fix
Over time, the power of the vacuum cleaner decreases. For this reason, the technique is less likely to attract dust and dirt. Often the reasons for the drop in power lie in the regulator being set to minimum or the bag being full. But there are other explanations why the vacuum cleaner does not suck up dust; and what should be done in such cases should be discovered immediately. Sometimes the lack of power is due to damage to individual components.
The general device of the vacuum cleaner
Regardless of the design and features of the work, vacuum cleaners consist of the following components:
- collection device (nozzles);
- channels and pipes through which debris enters the dust collector;
- electric motor;
- dust collector (bag).
Modern vacuum cleaners are supplemented with an aquafilter, which also reduces suction power.
The body, in addition to the engine, hides the vacuum compressor, filters and control units. Some models are completed with an alarm system and other devices.
How to diagnose
The drop in power is usually due to the following reasons:
- the bag is full;
- clogged filters;
- clogged pipes and nozzles;
- the engine is broken.
Possible reasons for a decrease in the power of the vacuum cleaner include mechanical damage. Therefore, before dismantling the equipment, it is recommended to inspect the case and accessories.
Bag control
If the vacuum does not pick up dirt well, this indicates that the bag is at least 2/3 full. This reason is considered the most common. To restore the operation of the vacuum cleaner, you will need (depending on the type of dust collector):
- Discard the paper bag and replace it with a new one.
- Shake out the cloth bag and, if possible, rinse, dry and replace.
- Rinse the plastic container and wipe dry.
This technique is usually complemented by an indicator that indicates that the dust container is full. But if the bag is half empty, then the reason for the drop in suction force in the filters should be investigated.
Filter cleaning
A second common cause of power loss is clogged filters. The type of the latter depends on the type of vacuum cleaner. The filters are:
- fine and coarse cleaning;
- foam, paper and others;
- disposable and reusable;
- HEPA.
The last filter, in addition to removing small particles, also does not allow allergens to return to the air. Basically, this component, in case of clogging, is discarded and replaced with a new one.
Reusable filters, usually made of foam rubber, are washed in clean water and dried before being installed in a vacuum cleaner.
This component is placed between the dust bin and the hose. The second filter, which provides fine cleaning, is attached to the back of the vacuum cleaner body. This part prevents small particles from entering the air. It is also recommended to periodically rinse the fine filter with water.And after 50 such procedures, the product must be replaced with a new one.
Component control
During cleaning, objects or wool often get into the pipes and nozzles, which clog the air duct. Due to this, the power of the device decreases, therefore, when the suction force decreases, you need to clean brushes and other similar accessories from hair, threads, fabrics and other third-party materials. If necessary, these components should be rinsed under running water and then dried.
A blockage in the hose is sometimes indicated by a loud humming noise from a working vacuum cleaner. To clean this component, you will need a long wire to remove any accumulated dirt.
Mechanical damage
A decrease in suction power can be caused by cracks in the components (mainly in the hose), broken nozzles or a dent in the body. Specified parts are plastic. Therefore, the described malfunctions cannot be eliminated by hand. If external defects are detected on parts of the body, the damaged nozzles, hoses or body should be replaced with new ones.
How to repair an engine
If the vacuum cleaner does not suck up dust, but the above factors are not identified, this indicates a failure of the electric motor. Against the background of a drop in power, the engine hums intensely, and the body of the device quickly overheats.
The problems described come from:
- wear of brushes and bearings;
- damage to the network cable;
- dust and debris entering the armature commutator;
- damage to the electronic unit and other causes.
A common cause of electric motor failure is a blown fuse.To identify the localization of the malfunction, you will need to disassemble the case of the device and use a multimeter to "ring" all the wires. If the diagnostics showed that the problems with the motor are caused by a broken winding, experts recommend buying a new vacuum cleaner. The cost of the device and the specified part differ slightly from each other.
If there is a break in the wiring, then the latter must be soldered to the appropriate place, observing the diagram of a specific model of the vacuum cleaner. In other cases, it is recommended that the equipment be returned for repair. Without specialized skills, it is impossible to restore the electric motor on your own. Even installing brushes can create problems. If these parts are placed incorrectly, the vacuum cleaner does not suck in but blows out the air.
Features of working with aquafilter
In vacuum cleaners with such components there is an additional HEPA filter, which was mentioned earlier. In devices with similar equipment, more parts need to be checked for accumulated dirt. The rest of the vacuum cleaner with an aquafilter does not work for the same reasons that were given above. And malfunctions are eliminated using similar algorithms.
Additional tips and tricks
The drop in power of vacuum cleaners is mainly due to the same reasons. The latter are typical of all brands of household appliances: Samsung, LG, etc. The manufacturers of these devices recommend cleaning or changing the filters in a timely manner (every 6 months). If the equipment overheats quickly, then it is forbidden to use the devices without eliminating the cause of the problem. This leads to damage to the electric motor.
If a paper filter is built into the vacuum cleaner, then in case of clogging of the latter, you can temporarily place a towel. To avoid breakage, avoid bending the pipe. Do not use a standard vacuum to remove construction debris. Large particles of concrete or other material can tear the bag or break the plastic container.
Also, it is not recommended to always turn on the maximum power. In this case, the load on the motor increases, which increases the risk of failure of individual components of the electric motor.