Varieties of wood primers and application rules for painting

Wood is a very vulnerable material that often suffers from the negative influence of external factors. She is afraid of humidity. Also, the tree is susceptible to the influence of mold and mildew. In addition, it is able to absorb a large amount of paints and varnishes. With the help of a wood primer, it will be possible to solve the listed problems. Today there are different types of materials on sale that differ in their properties.

Significance and function of wood primer

Woodworking Primer helps solve many problems:

• Disinfect the coating. Common wood species are very susceptible to rotting processes. They are associated with surface contact with water or the influence of high humidity. Due to the presence of antiseptics in the composition of the floor, it is possible to avoid the appearance of mold, which causes the destruction of the material.
• Strengthens the superficial layer. Such properties of the primer are especially useful for old wood. The substance contains special resins that hold the wood fibers together.
• Reduce the absorbency of the wood.Without a primer, most of the paint or varnish will be wasted and soaked into the wooden structure. The primer closes the pores, preventing paint and varnish wastage. Thanks to the primer, a protective film is formed on the surface, which protects the wood from moisture and rotting.

There is a natural dye in wood called tannin. Through the pores, this element comes out. As a result, unsightly stains form on walls and floors. With the help of a primer, it is possible to close the pores and prevent the paint from escaping.

With the help of a primer, it is possible to make the coating more rough. This improves the adhesive characteristics of the material. Sometimes the dye is applied directly to the old surface. As a result, old paint can seep through the new material. A high-quality primer of the desired shade will help to avoid such problems.

Advantages and disadvantages

Using a wood primer has many benefits. The main advantages of such a material are:

• Decontamination and protection against mould. The substances present in the composition of the solution provide reliable protection of wood and increase its service life.
• Clogged pores. This effect is achieved through the penetration of soil into the structure of the tree.
• Appearance of a film on the surface of the tree. After the primer is applied, a moisture-repellent protective coating is formed. It protects the material from moisture and moisture.
• Reduce the consumption of varnish and paint. After applying the primer, it is possible to reduce the absorbency of the material.
• Protection against rodents and insects. Some antiseptic agents contain deterrent components.
• Increase the degree of adhesion. Applying a primer roughens the surface.As a result, it is possible to increase adhesion rates.
• Prevent tannin from escaping. This coloring pigment is present in wood and can cause dark spots after staining. Using a primer, it is possible to seal the pores and prevent the release of tannin to the outside. As a result, no dark spots appear on the painted surface.
• Bond the wood fibers to each other and increase the strength of the material. This effect is due to the presence of special resins in the impregnation layer. Therefore, it is especially important to apply the primer to old surfaces.
• Hiding the old coating. In doing so, the primer helps to make the base tint less noticeable. There are also tinted coatings that provide deeper surface coloring.

Variety of primers and recommendations for choosing

There are many types of primer on the market today that can be used to apply to wood.

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By membership

Various substances are used as active components of the soil. Depending on this, their properties also differ. These products can be used as a base for paint, enamel or other substances.

Acrylic

They are miscible with water and have excellent fluidity. As a result, acrylic types of floors easily penetrate wood to a great depth and do not form films on its surface. The substance is based on acrylic resins.

Funds in this category are considered universal. Different types of paints and varnishes are suitable for them as well. Additionally, acrylic primers can be used for both exterior and interior work. They dry quickly and have no harsh smell.

The main advantages of these funds are:

• Versatility;
• the possibility of using for external and internal works;
• fast drying;
• lack of pungent aroma;
• affordable price.

At the same time, the substances also have certain disadvantages:

• high consumption;
• the need to apply several layers.

alkyd

After this type of floor dries, a thin film appears on the surface of the wood, which protects the material. At the same time, it takes at least 10-12 hours to dry. Alkyd primer is not very well suited for outdoor use, as it does not resist the influence of external factors very well.

Key benefits of alkyd primers include:

• excellent material protection;
• high degree of adhesion.

At the same time, the substance is distinguished by some disadvantages:

• long drying period;
• impossibility of use for external works.

Silicone

After drying, this category of primers forms a high-quality water-repellent film. In addition, it is formed over the entire depth of penetration. After such exposure, it is not necessary to take measures for further hydrophobization of the tree. Therefore, it is recommended to use the soil in conditions where the tree is exposed to increased influence of moisture. It is also used when it is necessary to use opaque formulations.

The advantages of silicone primers are:

• high-quality water-repellent coating;
• high application density.

At the same time, the material also has some disadvantages:

• impossibility of preserving the structure of the material;
• high price.

Shellac

This type of primer is excellent for use on softwood. The composition makes it possible to neutralize the effects of the release of resin and to avoid changes in the texture of the wood when the ambient temperature increases.

Sometimes shellac floors are used as an insulating agent if you plan to treat the wood with stains or water-based stains. They help to avoid deep penetration of substances and reduce their costs.

The advantages of shellac floor types are:

• the possibility of using for conifers;
• preservation of the wooden structure;
• reduce the consumption of dyes.

At the same time, the material also has a number of drawbacks:

• high price;
• the need for strict adherence to application instructions.

Polyurethane and epoxy

These materials can be used for all types of stains and varnishes. However, they are characterized by a somewhat thick texture. After applying polyurethane and epoxy paints, a film forms on the surface of the wood, which does not allow air to pass through and does not allow the coating to breathe.

Handle these primers very carefully, carefully analyzing the main advantages and disadvantages. These materials differ significantly in composition and flow parameters. Therefore, they should be used in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.

The main advantages of these types of soil are:

• increase the degree of adhesion;
• increase the strength of the coating;
• level the surface.

At the same time, the substances differ in some disadvantages:

• thick consistency;
• toxicity;
• the need to use individual protection measures.

Oil

It is recommended to use such products for the treatment of previously painted wood. They are also perfect if you plan to subsequently use facade paint, which is distinguished by an oil base.

The advantages of oil-based soil types are:

• increase the strength of the coating;
• save paints and varnishes;
• level the surface.

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At the same time, oil soil types also have some disadvantages:

• the possibility of using for already painted wood;
• toxicity.

Antiseptic

This category of products provides reliable protection against harmful insects, fungi and mold. Such a primer is perfect for very wet surfaces.

The advantages of the material include:

• reliable protection against mold and pests;
• high degree of adhesion;
• improved surface quality;
• excellent water-repellent properties.

At the same time, the material also has a number of drawbacks:

• high price;
• the need for strict adherence to instructions.

Styrene

A distinctive feature of the material is the creation of a non-penetrating layer. At the same time, it provides excellent protection against the negative influence of climatic factors. Benefits of blends include:

• protection against external factors;
• level the surface;
• savings in the consumption of paints and varnishes.

In this case, the substance also has a number of disadvantages:

• toxic components in the composition;
• the need to comply with safety rules.

By function

Woodworking primers differ significantly in the functions they perform. Each of the compositions has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Anticorrosion and antiseptic

Such funds help protect the tree from deformation and various lesions. Antiseptics protect the coating from mold and mildew. They are needed if the products are to be used in harsh conditions - for example, with high humidity. Antiseptic treatment should be carried out at intervals of 3-4 years. If the coating is not renewed, it will lose its properties.

Corrosion protection prevents blades from cracking and drying out.

This primer prevents knots from falling out. The treatment allows the wood fibers to be combined into a single whole.

The advantages of such formulations include:

• protect the tree from damage;
• prevention of deformation;
• prevention of node loss.

However, there are also disadvantages:

• the presence of toxic components;
• the need to follow instructions;
• the need to comply with safety rules.

Deep penetration

The primer is intended for the restoration of old wooden structures, characterized by a loose structure. The composition helps to make the surface more attractive and to achieve a high degree of protection against fungus, moisture, rot and mold.

The advantages of the material include:

• the possibility of restoring loose wood;
• improve the decorative properties of the coating;
• protection against humidity and mould.

At the same time, the material also has drawbacks:

• the need for correct application;
• high price.

Opening

For lacquers, a double effect is characteristic. They serve as a primer and provide a high quality varnish finish. The use of such a tool makes it possible to minimize the cost of purchasing materials for finishing work.

The coating has the following advantages:

• double acting;
• reliable wood protection;
• save paints and varnishes.

In this case, the substance has the following disadvantages:

• the presence of toxic components;
• the need to use personal protective equipment.

Water repellent

This primer is excellent for protecting wood from water infiltration. It is allowed to use it for painting or before applying other finishing materials. The composition is an irreplaceable impregnation for facades.

The tool has the following advantages:

• excellent moisture protection;
• the ability to combine with different types of finishing materials;
• economic consumption.

In this case, the primer also has a number of disadvantages:

• the presence of harmful ingredients in the composition;
• the need to use personal protective equipment.

Universal

This floor has a universal vocation. It can be used for different types of wood. After composition, it is allowed to apply any type of paint. The universal primer is able to penetrate deep into the fiber structure, increasing the adhesion between the layers.

The advantages of the primer are:

• compatibility with different types of wood;
• the ability to use any paint;
• high efficiency.

The substance also has disadvantages:

• the need for strict adherence to application instructions;
• the need for personal protective equipment.

On appointment

Depending on the material to be applied after the primer, there are different types of formulations. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages.

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Under the wallpaper

Before gluing the wallpaper, it is recommended to use transparent solutions or apply compositions to match the finish. It is also allowed to use acrylic and alkyd types of primer.

The advantages of such materials include:

• increase the degree of adhesion;
• level the base;
• masking the defects of the coating.

The disadvantages of the substance are as follows:

• the need to choose the right shade of the substance;
• the need for strict compliance with the rules of application.

Under mastic

Before applying putty, it is worth using alkyd or acrylic compounds.

Primer benefits include:

• high degree of adhesion;
• level the base;
• save finishing materials.

At the same time, the floor also has disadvantages:

• a limited number of formulations authorized for use;
• the need for a suitable coating.

By color

Thanks to the preliminary treatment of the surface with a primer, it is possible to fully reveal the beauty and intensity of the shade of the paint. If you enamel the wood immediately, the end result can be very different. Experts advise using white earth to reveal as much color as possible.

Rules for priming wooden surfaces

To achieve the desired result, it is important to properly prime the surface. In this case, it is necessary to adhere to certain recommendations.

Calculation of material consumption

The wooden surface has a loose structure and easily absorbs moisture. Therefore, the consumption of the primer can be quite large. Average parameters are usually indicated on the package. For 1 square meter you need to use about 80-160 grams of primer.

Tools required

To apply the primer, it is worth preparing the following:

• A brush or roller is the basic tool for priming wood. At the same time, it is convenient to process flat walls of a large area with a roller, while it is better to prime difficult areas access with a brush.
• Roller Tray - Helps keep the amount of formulation under control.
• Broom or brush - helps remove dirt from the surface.
• Personal protective equipment - these include gloves, coveralls, goggles.

Surface preparation

The result directly depends on the quality of the primer and the preparation of the surface. To begin with, it is worth cleaning the wood from dust particles and other contaminants. If necessary, the surface should be sanded.

It is permissible to apply a primer to an old paint if the type and shade of the enamel match. In this case, it is not necessary to clean the surface. In other situations, old particles must be removed with an ordinary spatula. It is recommended to use a solvent if necessary.

The surface must be sanded. When working with fresh wood, it's definitely worth cycling. If there are small defects, it is permissible to use acrylic sealant.

Primer application

To apply the primer, you need to do the following:

• Mix the solution well until it becomes homogeneous.
• Prepare and dry the surface.
• Pour the soil into a convenient container and treat the surface. To do this, it is permissible to use a roller or a brush.
• Dry the diaper. After that, it is allowed to proceed to the application of the next one.
• When all layers are dry, you can paint the surface.

Coat drying time

The drying time depends on the type of primer. When working outdoors, this period is noticeably shorter. Drying the material can take from half an hour to a day.

Recommendations from the masters

To achieve high-quality results, it is recommended to follow these rules:

• maintain low humidity;
• the temperature should be + 5-30 degrees;
• the first layer of soil should be quite liquid - thanks to this it will help fill all the pores;
• before applying a new layer, it is necessary to dry the previous one.

The primer on wood allows to obtain a uniform finish and to increase the adhesion of the materials. In this case, it is important to strictly follow the instructions for applying the substance.