Features of metal primers against rust and rating of the best brands

Metal Rust Primer includes corrosion converters. Usually their functions are performed by orthophosphoric acid. Due to the action of this substance, the oxidation products enter into active reactions with the primer mixture and are transformed into compounds not subject to oxidation. With the help of oxides, it is possible to create a reliable film on the metal surface. It protects it from oxidation.

Anti-rust primer: varieties and properties

The substance includes a whole complex of components. These include anti-corrosion agents, plasticizers, alkyd-urethane varnishes. The substance also contains enamel and solvent. The composition makes it possible to reduce the duration of work and reduce construction costs.

The distinctive characteristics of the material are as follows:

• temperature resistance;
• high hiding power;
• the ability to tolerate the influence of organic and inorganic elements;
• uniformity of the treatment surface;
• short drying period;
• long period of operation - it is 7-10 years.

Substance consumption in 1 layer per square meter is 80-120 milliliters. 7 square meters require 1 kilogram of enamel. Typically, the packaging contains information regarding the consumption of primer and the method of application to the product.

Depending on the anti-corrosion components, the following types of floors are distinguished:

• Insulation - red lead material is designed for exterior finishing of surfaces that come into contact with water. When applying the composition, a durable coating is formed, which is characterized by heat-resistant properties. Enamel drying time is 2-3 hours.
• Phosphogrunt - a substance that helps slow down the development of corrosion. It is used in rooms with high humidity.
• Converter - contains phosphoric acid. It reacts with iron oxide and forms an inert phosphate film. This provides protection and partial restoration of damaged metal.
• Two-component phosphating - this primer-enamel is suitable for restoring galvanized surfaces. The material is characterized by low consumption and a high degree of adhesion. It contains passivating components. It also contains orthophosphoric acid.
• Protector - dissolved metal particles are included in the dye. After drying, they form a durable metallic coating. The enamel is used to paint piers and boats.
• The inhibitor is a sought-after anticorrosive substance, the composition of which has an original formula. Thanks to this, the damaged layer acquires the properties of a primer. The substance has excellent adhesion to the surface and dries quickly. The only drawback is the high cost of the dye.

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The principle of operation of the anti-corrosion layer

A characteristic feature of the floor is the presence of rust in the composition of the converters. In most cases, they contain phosphoric acid. The principle of its action is based on the fact that the products of oxidation enter into a chemical reaction with the components of the primer and are transformed into non-oxidizable compounds.

Therefore, it is permissible to apply anti-corrosion primers to rust without cleaning the metal to make it shine. After conversion, the oxides form a protective film on the surface, which has excellent adhesion characteristics. Consequently, subsequent protective coatings adhere perfectly to the treated metal.

These properties are particularly important when it is necessary to treat coatings in difficult places where it is difficult to remove any rust. The primer mixtures contain surfactants which increase the fluidity of the composition. They improve its penetration up to a thickness of 100 micrometers.

At the same time, no chemical element can transform the loose and crumbled rust. Therefore, it must be carefully removed, leaving only a layer of hard-to-remove oxides.

Recommendations for the choice of primers

A well-chosen metal primer protects metal structures and prevents water from penetrating the surface. This contributes to increased corrosion resistance. All primers differ in the proportions of organic and inorganic compounds and additional mineral components.

Most often, primers are produced in the form of concentrates or ready-to-use solutions. When purchasing a primer, consider the following:

• The type of metal - it can be black or non-ferrous. The properties of the alloys are also important.
• Mechanical and climatic influences on the structure - these include temperature fluctuations, humidity indicators, mechanical loads.
• Technical properties of the anticorrosive composition - in this case, the features of the formation of a film on the surface and compatibility with paint are important.
• Drying time of the substance - it is generally recommended to use quick-drying acrylic compounds for interior work. At the same time, alkyd agents are more suitable for external exposure, which are distinguished by reliable protection. Both primers are easy to apply and provide excellent protection. In addition, they dry quite quickly.

By constituent components

According to the components, metal primers are divided into the following varieties:

• water-based;
• oil;
• mixed;
• Primer paint;
• primer varnish;
• primer enamel.

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These types of materials are used for self-tinting before using the tinting top coat. Consider the following when choosing a primer:

• type of work - the material can be intended for indoor or outdoor work;
• profitability;
• the presence of rust;
• toxicity.

The adhesion of the paint and varnish coating, the reliability of protection and the durability of the structure depend on the correct choice of the composition.

There are also universal agents that are suitable for all materials, including rusty coatings. These funds include GF-021. The composition can be used for both external and internal works. It can be applied manually or mechanically. The composition contains minerals, alkyd varnish, pigments and other substances.

By material properties

According to the characteristics, there are the following types of compositions:

• primary - convert oxides into a protective film;
• 2 in 1 - have the properties of a primary soil and a filler;
• 3 in 1 - have the characteristics of a primer, a secondary primer and a topcoat.

Ranking of the best brands of primers against rust

Popular brands that make effective primers include:

• "Novbytkhim" - the compositions of this manufacturer have minimal consumption and high covering power. An excellent agent is considered a 3-in-1 passivating agent. It is intended for the restoration and coloring of large objects with a complex structure.
• LLC NPO Krasko - the company offers a glossy protective primer "Polyuretol". It contains titanium particles, which make the dye more resistant to physical factors.
• ZAO Alp Enamel - the quick-drying composition Severon is considered a popular development of the company. It can be used in regions with unstable climatic conditions.

Among European manufacturers, the Polish brand Hammerite stands out. The protective paint of this brand includes metal particles. They give the coating an embossing pattern.

Features of work with a primer

In order for the primer to lay evenly and give the desired effect, it is important to strictly follow the instructions for use.

Tools required

To apply the primer, you can use the following tools:

• Roller - using tools of different sizes allows you to quickly process different areas.
• Brushes - Only suitable for small objects or difficult seams.
• Spray gun - depending on the power and size, it can be used to treat large areas.

Surface preparation

It is important to pay attention to a good preparation of the surface before applying the primer. It includes the following steps:

• Mechanical cleaning of metal from old paint and varnish material, loose rust, scale. When performing the procedure yourself, you can use steel brushes or a grinder. In industrial conditions, sandblasting machines are used. In difficult places, it is allowed to use abrasive substances. Sometimes heat treatment is used for this.
• Surface degreasing. For this, you can use alkaline substances or special solvents. The exact option depends on the type of surface stains.
• Remove the remaining water and dry. Compressed air or scrapers can be used to remove moisture. You can dry the coating in special chambers or use a construction hair dryer.

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Application technique

The rules for applying the composition depend on the type of primer. They are indicated in the instructions. Two-component substances should be mixed according to the proportions indicated on the package. A thinner can be used if necessary. It must be chosen taking into account the binding component:

• for epoxy mixtures, xylene or ethyl acetate are used;
• pentaphthalic compounds can be diluted with a solvent or white spirit;
• polyvinyl acetate substances are dissolved with deionized water;
• solvents R-4, R-646 are suitable for polymer compositions.

After obtaining the desired consistency, the primer should be filtered and applied to the prepared surface using a roller, brush or spray. Small items can be finished by dipping.

How long does the soil dry out?

Processing should be carried out in 2-3 passes. Additionally, each layer should be dried for 1 hour. It takes 2-3 hours to dry completely.It all depends on temperature and humidity.

Errors when working with the material

When using the hardware, many make the following mistakes:

• Do not clean the surface of dust and dirt.
• Does not remove traces of old paint.
• Do not dry the prepared surface.
• Do not use degreasing agents.

All this causes deterioration of the adhesion of the coating to the base. After applying enamel, varnish or paint to such a surface, there is a risk of delamination.

Recommendations from the masters

When working with soil against rust, the following recommendations of the masters should be taken into account:

• determine the base material and, depending on this, choose a primer;
• focus on the humidity level in the premises - if it is high, an insulating or passivating primer is required;
• take into account the temperature parameters - if they are low, then it is better to use quick-drying compositions.

Anti-rust primer can be of different types, which allows you to choose the appropriate option depending on the type of material and the conditions of use of the product. In order for the substance to lie flat, you must adhere to the instructions for its application.