How to disassemble and repair a dishwasher with your own hands, instructions
The dishwasher has become a familiar kitchen appliance that has freed the hostess from a tedious and time-consuming procedure. When a kitchen assistant breaks down, the question arises of how to restore its functionality. Is it possible to repair a dishwasher with your own hands - we will analyze it below.
General dishwasher device
The dishwasher, regardless of its capacity, its manufacturer, has a unique device scheme. The main elements of the dishwasher:
- dish rack;
- clean water tank;
- dirty water tank;
- Electric heating;
- pump;
- control sensors;
- CPUs.
Cleaning dishes from dirt and rinsing are carried out using nozzles, through which hot or cold water is supplied under pressure. PMM operates from the electricity grid with connection to water supply and sewerage.To save money during the washing process, the water is filtered and used to rinse food residue once or twice.
The mode of operation is determined by the program embedded in the electronic control unit. Means for softening water and degreasing the surface of dishes are mandatory.
The main dysfunctions of the PMM
The reasons for the failure of the dishwasher are related to its structural elements.
The water does not heat
Lack of water heating can be caused by problems:
- with power supply;
- the state of the heating element;
- temperature control sensor;
- Control unit.
Power failure can be caused by failure of outlet, surge protector, power cord. The cause of the breakdown is power surges in the network. The failure of the tubular electric heater is due to the main element - a metal spiral, the service life of which has ended or there is poor-quality material. The heating element is turned on and off by a signal from a temperature sensor, the failure of which makes heating impossible. Failure of the ECU program is one of the reasons for PPM shutdown.
The machine shocks
If from the body of the dishwasher its metal parts knock, this means a breakdown of insulation in the electric wire, pump, electric heater.
Water overheating
The electronic control unit and the operating sensor of the heating element are responsible for the temperature regime. Exceeding the degrees provided by the program means failure in the controllers and the program.
Lack of emptying
The drain system can fail for several reasons:
- sewer blockage;
- drain pipe;
- filtered;
- pump failure.
Failure of the drainage system will cause water to overflow from the PMM onto the kitchen floor.
No water play
A lack of water in the dishwasher is associated with:
- with insufficient water supply;
- clogged filters;
- electromagnetic inlet valve failure;
- malfunction of the water level sensor (pressure switch).
The work of the PPM in the event of a lack of water will be unsatisfactory: contamination of food and detergents will not be totally eliminated.
The overflowing water
One of the malfunctions of the dishwasher is premature shutdown due to activation of the leak protection sensor. Some models have trays into which the water is drained in the event of a blockage in the pipe.
The safety tank is equipped with a float. When the paddle is filled with water to a certain level, the float floats up, closing the circuit that turns off the PPM.
Reasons for dishwasher failure:
- non-horizontal installation, overflow;
- an excess of detergent whose foam distorts the water level;
- due to a malfunction of the water level sensor, the excess volume is pumped out and discharged into the sump;
- float breakage, stuck in the up position;
- burst pipe;
- crack in the bottom of the tank.
If the dishwasher is not equipped with a protective tray, some reason will cause water to leak onto the floor, which may cause flooding of neighbors.
Don't wash the dishes
A dishwasher is a complex device that must be used according to the manufacturer's instructions. It indicates the standard, loading scheme, amount of detergent. Ignoring these requirements will affect the quality of the sink.
Hot water under high pressure is needed to clean the surfaces of contamination. If scale has formed on the electric heating tube due to hard water, the water will not heat to the required temperature.Limestone has low thermal conductivity, which makes the operation of the heating element ineffective. The narrowing of the diameter of the nozzles due to contamination reduces the flow of water to the basket with the dishes, which worsens the washing.
broken ECU
The electronic control unit is responsible for the consistency of the operations carried out. Each PPM template has its own module specified in the instructions. If unsuccessful, the unit cannot be revived. The cause of a breakdown may be a voltage drop, condensation.
Error Codes
Display dishwashers have a self-diagnosis function. If a part fails, an error code is displayed on the screen. Focusing on the alphanumeric code, it is easier to determine the cause of the breakdown.
There is no single coding standard. Manufacturers use different letter designations: E, EO, F. Available types of codes can be considered using the example of the Bosch PPM model. Indicators may be on or flashing. The screen displays and flashes an error in the operation of the heating system:
- E1;
- E2;
- EO4;
- E9/F9.
- E11/F11.
Distribution options (in the order listed):
- sensor or electronic module error;
- faulty thermal sensor;
- electronic unit failure;
- electric heating element;
- failure in the ECU program.
The same indicator can indicate several causes of a system malfunction.
Discharge system malfunctions (leaks, overflow) are coded:
- E5/F5;
- E7 / F7;
- E15/F15;
- E22/F22;
- E23/F23;
- E24/F24.
Possible faults:
- blockage in the pipe;
- float failure;
- improper installation of dishes;
- leakage from drain pump, hose, valve;
- filter clogging, drain connection error;
- problems in the operation of the pump;
- pressure switch failure.
The dishwasher display also shows codes by which you can judge:
- on the water level in the tank;
- on the work of pumps;
- mains voltage.
When all the LEDs flash at the same time, this means that the electronic control unit is faulty.
Repair methods
You can restore the working state of the dishwasher using error coding, according to external signs. After the warranty period expires, it is a good idea to replace worn parts without waiting for them to fail.
Prophylactic
Inspection, control and replacement of filters, valves, pipes can be done by yourself. It doesn't hurt to check the functionality of the surge protector.
In order for the machine to operate without interruption, it is necessary to carry out simple maintenance of its parts:
- clean the drain filter every two weeks;
- once every three months, clean the blades of the water supply;
- check the drain system (pump and hose) twice a year.
You can visually determine the condition of the power cord, the seal on the door.
Level adjustment
The dishwasher must be level. Due to uneven ground, the pallet will tilt, the water level sensor will not work properly. The door may be crooked and the wash cycle is interrupted. For leveling use a building level, beacons, the desired thickness of the support.
Pressure switch repair or replacement
The water level sensor in the chamber, or pressure switch, can be mechanical or electronic. A mechanical malfunction can be determined by ear, electronic - by an error code.An overflow of water beyond the norm will cause a leak in the ground and flooding of your apartment and the neighbors on the ground floor. It is possible to repair the pressure switch if the cause of the breakdown is the oxidation of the contacts. If the part is worn or of poor quality, it must be replaced.
Each dishwasher model has its own layout of components and types of sensors. Specific information is obtained from the Internet.
The repair or replacement procedure begins with disconnecting the machine from the electricity and water supply. The unit moves away from the wall. The back panel is removed. The hose is disconnected from the pressure switch. The sensor is disconnected and removed from the connector. After inspecting and stripping the contacts or when replacing with a new one, the connection process is repeated in the reverse order.
Restoration of the seal
A puddle near the dishwasher or the inability to start it indicates poor sealing. The door does not close properly due to the accumulation of deposits of grease, detergent, food contamination on the gasket. Due to wear, cracks appear on the rubber, the seal becomes thinner. Change the seal at the same time (upper and lower). In terms of dimensions, the new spare part must match the rubber to be replaced.
After disconnecting the machine from the power and water supply, the basket and trays are removed from the chamber. The seal can be easily removed from the groove. The recess is carefully cleaned and wiped dry, after which a new rubber is inserted.
To get the bottom gasket, you need to open the front panel, unscrewing the fasteners for it. The seal is grasped with tweezers and removed.They clean the groove from dirt and water. Press in the new rubber so that it sits evenly. Rebuild the front panel and close the door for 2 hours to secure the seal.
Replacement of sensors
Failed sensors can be easily replaced with your own hands. To do this, it is necessary to determine, according to the diagram, where, for example, the water turbidity sensor is located. Buy and replace the same part.
Solving Sanitation Problems
Repairing the drain means checking the impeller of the drain pump. To access the impeller of the pump, unscrew the screw of its cover, remove the cover. Check the rotation with a screwdriver, remove any dirt that interferes with the operation of the pump.
Checking and cleaning the drain pipe
To check and clean the drain hose, the machine is turned over and the casing is disassembled to gain access to the drain pump. Previously, the PPM was disconnected from the outlet, water supply and sewage system. After disconnecting the hose, it is first cleaned with a nylon brush, then soaked in a washing solution. The cleaning result can be checked in the bathroom by placing it under a stream of water. Installation of the part is carried out in the reverse order.
In which cases it is worth contacting specialists
You should not always try to repair the dishwasher yourself.
If a Bosch PMM is installed in the kitchen, you will need to contact the service center if:
- The machine does not start, all the lights flash without giving an error code.
- Error code EO1 flashes on the display - malfunction of the electronic control unit.
- Failure of the control controller on the electronic board:
- the heating element does not turn on;
- water is not collected;
- sprinklers operate inefficiently;
- there is no signal to close the door.
- Circulation pump failure.
- Drain pump failure.
Electrolux dishwashers are sensitive to power surges. If there is no stabilizer, the electronic card is damaged. Diagnosis and repair should be entrusted to a specialist. If the dishwasher began to freeze frequently during the washing process, this means a factory defect in the electronic unit, which must be changed at the service center.