Rules for planting and caring for a rose at home
Proper care of an indoor rose bush at home allows you to get a powerful and beautiful plant. In order for the culture to fully develop and bloom abundantly, it must be watered, cut and fed in time. The plant should definitely choose the optimal temperature and humidity. Protection against pests and diseases is also important. It is also worth considering the nuances of caring for the plant at different times of the year.
Description and characteristics of the plant
Indoor rose is an ornamental culture that can reach 2-3 meters. The leaves have a smooth surface. They are characterized by a dark green tint and jagged edges. The single flowers of a shrub rose are very beautiful.At first, narrow buds appear, then they open up and look like wide cups. Their diameter is 8-14 centimeters. Flowers can be single or double. The color scheme is also different - white, red, yellow.
After a few days, the flower wilts. However, with proper care, the flowering process can continue from spring to fall.
How to choose
When buying a potted plant, you should focus not on the abundance of flowering, but on the number of young shoots. They indicate an active growth phase. Thanks to this, the adaptation of the plant will be easier. In this case, the flowers must have their own roots. Grafted plants will not root well.
First steps after purchase
Sellers often use techniques that harm the plant and can even cause its death. When you buy a rose, you must do the following:
- Remove the film that creates favorable conditions for the growth of fungi. The wrapping prevents air from entering the plant.
- Inspect the bush and clean it of dry and withered shoots and leaves.
- Place the plant in a hot shower. This will help get rid of harmful insects.
- Remove flowers and buds. Crops are often treated with special stimulants that cause abundant flowering. Such a plant can die.
- If there are several bushes in the pot, they need to be planted.
- Treat the culture with special agents against fungi and insects.
- It is allowed to transfer to another container only after 2-3 weeks. The plant must have time to adapt to the new environment.
- In the evening, the rose should be sprayed with cool water. It is worth using boiled liquid.
Growth conditions
In order for a rose to develop normally, certain conditions are necessary.At the same time, it is important to correctly select the humidity and temperature parameters.
Temperature and humidity
It is worth keeping the temperature moderate in summer. In winter, the rose needs fresh air. Plants often suffer from overheating of pot soil. In summer, the temperature should not exceed + 20-25 degrees. Insignificant changes during the day will benefit the plant.
Rose requires fairly high humidity. In case of excessive drought, there is a risk of infection of the crop with pests. Therefore, the plant should be systematically sprayed. This is done every 2 days. To clean the leaves from dust, you can arrange a hot shower for cultivation. At the same time, it is impossible to water the plant with water in sunny weather. This will lead to bud damage and fungus development.
Lighting
The rose is considered a light-loving plant. In this case, the bushes should not be overheated. Therefore, they are placed on the west window. The southeast side is also suitable. In order not to expose the plant to the aggressive action of the sun, it is recommended to take it out into the fresh air. If this is not possible, it is recommended to darken the window.
Pot and potting soil
Roses can be planted in different containers. In this case, the pot should have enough space for the full formation of the bush and free air exchange. Large bushes are moved to a freer container.
Depending on the type of material, it is recommended to give preference to ceramic or wooden pots. It is also allowed to use plastic containers. But they are not considered reliable. The soil in them dries out quickly in the summer. This causes the flowers to wilt.
When choosing the type of floor, it should be borne in mind that it must pass air and moisture well. The composition of the substrate includes humus, turf, sand in a ratio of 4: 4: 1. It is important to consider good drainage in order to ensure the removal of moisture. But do not make the holes too big to avoid rapid flow of liquid.
Landing
Before carrying out the procedure, the flower must be prepared. It is recommended to carefully remove it from the pot and examine the condition of the root system in detail. If there are rotten fragments, they must be cut off. It is not recommended to remove all the soil from the roots. This will allow the flower to more easily adapt to new conditions. In this case, it is worth cleaning the plant from buds and flowers. For the prevention of diseases, the leaves of the bush should be treated with soapy water.
After the preparatory work is completed, it is worth starting planting. Immediately after moving the plant to a new container, sprinkle the rose with a growth stimulant. This procedure is repeated for 4 months, with an interval of 2 weeks.
Rules of care
In order for the plant to develop normally, it is recommended that it provide adequate and comprehensive care.
watering
The plant should be watered regularly. This is especially true during rapid growth and flowering. Excessive dryness of the soil causes serious damage to the rose. Therefore, watering is carried out immediately after the soil dries.
In this case, it is worth remembering the sense of proportion. It is important that the land does not degrade. Ornamental plants are very sensitive to excess humidity.This is especially true in winter and fall. Therefore, after budding stops, watering should be reduced. To moisten the soil, it is recommended to use settled and filtered water.
How to eat well
The plant requires systematic feeding. It is recommended to use fertilizers in spring and summer. This is done once every 2 weeks. In this case, it is recommended to alternately use mineral and organic compounds. It is worth choosing standard preparations suitable for flowers. It is recommended to mix the product with water before use.
Size
This procedure ensures good flowering and development of the indoor rosebush. Pruning helps give the bush a nice shape.
Peduncle
It is recommended to prune the peduncle after flowering is completed if the crop is weakened. To do this, you need to take garden gloves, a sharp pruner and utensils for pruning. When flowering is complete, the bud bows downward and the petals fall. It is these flowers that it is recommended to eliminate.
Stem
If the stems of the bush have acquired a dark shade or have shrunk, they also need to be cut. Healthy and strong branches are green or brown in color. If the stem is half healthy, it should be cut just above the socket. When weakened and thin stems appear, which are directed inward from the bush, it is also recommended to remove them by cutting near the very base. They impede the air circulation that the plant needs.
Leaves
Leaf pruning is necessary if you want to get a crop with a long trunk and a dense top. When pruning in spring and autumn, the leaves should be removed for sanitary reasons. This helps to achieve correct flowering of the crop.
Arrows
Weak arrows cannot contain heavy flowers normally. In such a situation, they should be removed.
Transfer
Periodically, an indoor rose should be transplanted. For the correct procedure, many features should be considered.
The timing
With the systematic use of dressings in the summer, the soil does not have time to run out. A rose is transplanted only if the soil has changed its characteristics - it has become denser or, conversely, looks like dust. Also, the procedure is carried out if the plant has exceeded the size of the pot. Handling is recommended in February, before the rose wakes up.
How to transplant
For transplanting roses to the bottom of the pot, it is recommended to place expanded clay. With the required number of drainage holes in the pot, this stage can be neglected. After that, the rose should be carefully removed from the pot and moved to a new one. Sprinkle prepared substrate on top.
Treatment against pests and diseases
Culture can cope with various pathologies and pests. In such a situation, it is recommended to remove the damaged fragments and treat the culture with fungicides or insecticides.
Selection of jars
To ensure the full development of an indoor rosebush, it is important to carefully select a container in which to grow it. The new pot should be larger than the previous one by a few centimeters in diameter. In height, it should be 5-7 centimeters taller. At the same time, it is not recommended to use too large a container.
Bloom
When optimal conditions are created for cultivation, it blooms every 8-9 weeks throughout the year. In this case, the bush is covered with small decorative flowers of various shades.To make flowering more abundant, the plant should be moved to a cool place for the winter. He should be given full rest and cut shoots up to 10 centimeters.
Dormant period
In winter, the culture is dormant. It is recommended to prepare it for this period. To do this, the number of waterings should be reduced. They are carried out at intervals of 3 days. The best way to water the plant is through the drip tray. Fertilizing the flower during this period is not recommended.
Breeding characteristics
It is recommended to propagate a rose by cuttings. Handling is best done in the summer. To do this, it is worth collecting faded branches. It is from them that it is recommended to prepare cuttings. Each of them should have 2-3 buds. It is important that the lower cut of the cuttings is oblique, and the kidney looks up. From above, the cut is made straight. It is performed just above the first kidney.
In water
You can root the planting material in water. It is important to take into account that after a few days it acquires a green tint. In this case, it is forbidden to pour the liquid. When part of the water evaporates, it is worth pouring a new one.
In the substrate
For rooting, the cuttings are dipped in a substrate including sand and peat. It is recommended to do this in advance. Any delay reduces the chances of the cuttings taking root. When the first roots appear 1-2 millimeters long, the plants can be transplanted into the ground. It is important to be careful when doing this. If the rose is mishandled, there is a risk of damaging the root system.
The nuances of care at different times of the year
Plant care directly depends on the seasonal factor. You absolutely have to take this into account.
In spring
During this period, the plant forms new leaves and shoots. In this case, you need to carefully take care of the bush. It is recommended to increase the number of waterings, apply mineral preparations. It is also recommended to feed the rose with organic substances. Solutions of mullein or poultry manure work well.
In spring, the plant should not lack water or light. In the evening, you can spray the culture with cool water. After the end of the spring frost, you can move the pot to the balcony or outside. The plant should gradually get used to the sun's rays. At first it is put in the shade, and only after 10-14 days it is exposed to the sun.
Summer
In the summer, the rose should be often watered, sprayed, fertilized. It is also necessary to remove the withered fragments of the bush in time. To avoid overheating the bush in hot weather, it is important to monitor its condition.
With the rapid development of the plant, it is worth transferring it to a more spacious pot. It is recommended to do this in the evening. To provide the rose with uniform illumination, the container should be rotated periodically. This will help avoid one-sided formation of the bush.
In autumn
When the temperature drops to + 12-15 degrees, it is recommended to bring the rose indoors and place it on the south side. After flowering is over, it is worth starting to prepare the bush for winter. In this case, the number of waterings should be reduced. The soil should stay dry for 1-2 days. It is worth gradually reducing the amount of fertilizer.
Before wintering, the bush must be cut. Each branch should have 5 buds. In this case, the leaves should not be removed. Pruning is recommended in the evening.If you neglect this step, then the next year the plant will bloom worse, and the bush will take on a sloppy shape. If autumn pruning has not been carried out, the procedure is postponed until spring.
In winter
At this time, the rose stops growing and blooming, the leaves fall off. At this time, the plant requires infrequent watering and spraying. After the soil dries, the flower should be watered only after 2-3 days.
The air temperature should not exceed + 15-17 degrees. If possible, the pot should be moved to the windowsill. Heaters should not be placed near the wintering bush.
If the apartment has central heating, you can put a flower between the frames. Separate the part of the window with the plant with polyethylene. You can also place the pot on a stand with wet pebbles. It is important to keep them moist at all times.
Diseases and pests
Rose often encounters diseases and pest attacks. To deal with it, it is necessary to identify the problem in time.
leaf spot
It is a fungal infection that causes small dark spots on the leaves. After some time, they acquire a yellow tint and fall off. Yellow roses are more susceptible to this disease.
High humidity is considered a favorable environment for the development of fungi. To avoid problems, you should avoid getting liquid on the leaves. Infected bush fragments should be removed. An antifungal soap should be used to treat the condition. Fungicides are also suitable - Fundazol or Topsin.
Powdery mildew
The plant is covered with a white flower. Young foliage changes shape. Constant temperature fluctuations lead to the development of the disease.Prompt removal of the affected fragments and spraying with a fungicidal preparation will help to cope with it.
Rust
This is a fungal infection that causes rust-like spots. The spores are carried by insects and the wind. An infected bush should be placed separately from healthy bushes and treated with a product containing copper.
Spider
The pest affects the lower part of the leaves. As a result, they acquire a yellow tint and die. The appearance of dust mites is associated with increased dryness in the room. Parasites are resistant to most drugs, so managing them is very problematic. It is better to take preventive measures aimed at moisturizing the bush and the air.
Aphid
Indoor crops are usually attacked by white aphids. It enters the leaves from the ground, with air during ventilation, animals or people. Pests infect different parts of the plant and are characterized by rapid reproduction. The leaves are rolled up and the shoots are deformed.
Growing difficulties
When growing a houseplant, flower growers can face various problems.
Falling leaves
This disorder can be caused by improper watering, nutritional deficiencies, or infection with diseases. Pest attacks also lead to it.
Wither
Withering of the culture can be associated with the influence of drafts, watering with cold water and fungal infections. Pest attacks also become the cause.
Dried up, how to revive
If the root system is withered, it will not be possible to revive the plant. In other cases, abundant watering of the earth and humidification of the air in the room will help. It is also worth spraying.At the same time, it is not recommended to place the rose near heating elements.
The leaves are turning yellow
The reason for leaf shade change is excess moisture, nutrient deficiency in the soil and pest attacks. Root rot is also a provoking factor.
Types and varieties
This horticultural culture has many varieties and varieties. Each of them has certain characteristics.
Miniature
They are bushes covered with many branches. Their height does not exceed 20 centimeters. Varieties that can be grown in a room are called potted varieties. This variety of roses has double or semi-double flowers. Their diameter does not exceed 4 centimeters. The culture is easy to propagate by cuttings.
Cinderella
This variety has beautiful white flowers that take on a pale pink hue over time. They are characterized by a rich apple smell. The buds are spherical and form dense inflorescences of 10-20 flowers.
The bushes are compact and low in height. The stems are slender but quite strong. There are no thorns on it. Flower formation begins at the end of May. The first buds open in early summer. With proper care, the culture is able to bloom 2-3 times during the season.
Humming-bird
It is an old variety which is a small shrub with a maximum size of 25 centimeters. It is characterized by short, strong branches covered with smooth leaves. The buds are small in size and semi-double in structure. Shades are different - yellow or orange. Flowering lasts from June to September.
curlers
This variety has unusual elongated petals that curl upwards. There is a thick core inside. The dwarf bush does not exceed 30 centimeters.It includes 15-25 thin branches. In early summer, many variegated dahlia-like flowers appear on the plant. They reach 4 to 5 centimeters in diameter.
Clementine
This plant has small, double flowers that change color from pale pink to orange. The ripe bud resembles tangerine in color and has a citrus scent. Apricot clementine is considered the most common. The hybrid is easy to care for and resistant to infection.
For this category, bushes are considered vigorous. They are able to reach 60 centimeters. The plant develops numerous shoots directed upwards. The first flowers appear in mid-June.
Los Angeles
This rose is considered a classic. It is used to create many hybrids. This variety is a lush shrub that grows to 40 centimeters. The plant is excellently bushy and has flexible, slender, upward-pointing stems. In spring, they are covered with dark leaves.
tea-hybrid
This variety is suitable for growing in the open field. For such roses, a number of conditions are required, which are difficult to fulfill in an apartment:
- low temperature for wintering;
- artificial lighting;
- big space.
Indoor varieties are smaller than garden varieties. Their aroma is reminiscent of expensive tea.
Madame Falco
This plant is characterized by abundant flowering. It roots easily and has small, delicate leaves susceptible to powdery mildew. The plant prefers to overwinter in a cool place.
Ophelia
This beautiful rose is characterized by unusual veined leaf blades. The plant has semi-double flowers of different shades - dark red or apricot. There are red-brown colors. After flowering, the color of the bud remains for a day, after which it becomes almost white.
Marshal Niel
These are very beautiful dark yellow flowers that have a slight aroma. The plant is characterized by large leaves of a light shade. Young branches are red-brown in color. The rose is covered with thorns on the branches and even on the cracked side of the leaves. The plant should overwinter in a cool room.
France
It is a very aromatic variety characterized by large double inflorescences. They have been on the bush for a long time and fall off. The leaves have a light shade and are rounded. Roses winter well warm. The variety is susceptible to dusty rose.
repaired
This variety was born from the crossing of Bengal, Provence and Damask roses. The buds have a goblet shape.
ground cover
This category includes crops that have drooping or creeping branches and many flowers. Small varieties should be grown in pots. These include Matador, Scarlett. Plants are characterized by resistance to diseases - spotting and powdery mildew.
Bengali
These roses are suitable for indoor cultivation. These are low, dense bushes covered with small flowers. Their diameter is 5 centimeters. Culture does not need pruning. Flowering continues until the end of December. The best representatives of this group are such varieties as Termoza and Setina.
patio of roses
Until recently, they belonged to the floribunda group. After that, the smallest representatives fell into a separate category.
Cordane Rose
It is a garden plant which is a small shrub. It reaches a maximum of 30 centimeters. However, hobbyists often grow the rose in a pot.
starry roses
This line is actively cultivated in Holland. Roses have original cupped flowers, which are characterized by a bright color.
pink jericho
This herbaceous plant does not look like a rose. It has many branches.During the ripening of the fruit, the leaves fall off and the shoots are squeezed.
Hibiscus
It is a Chinese rose that belongs to the Malvov family. She is considered unpretentious. From spring to autumn, the plant is covered with large flowers. In addition, each bud blooms for a maximum of 2 days. Then new ones appear. The plant grows rapidly. Large bushes are a real decoration for spacious rooms.
Tips & Tricks
To develop a full-fledged culture, it is worth taking into account the recommendations of experienced florists:
- In mid-March or late March, the plant should be placed on well-lit windowsills. Culture needs a lot of light.
- Watering should be increased gradually. It is necessary to moisten the soil when it dries out.
- To grow a rose, it is worth maintaining optimal air humidity. In addition, it is recommended to spray the plant from a spray bottle. In summer, this is done several times a day.
- For the normal development of a rose, an optimal temperature regime is required. In summer it is 20-25 degrees. This guarantees the normal development of the plant.
- The rose needs frequent fertilization. In this case, you need to start with a small concentration of useful elements. It is recommended to increase their number gradually. The procedure is carried out weekly. Before this, the bush should be watered abundantly.
- From time to time it is worth giving the rose a cool shower. Thanks to this procedure, it is possible to clean the leaves from dust and insects, and also to increase the humidity of the air. If pest control is planned, it is better to postpone swimming. In addition, the procedure is not carried out at low temperatures, as it will lead to rotting of the roots.
The indoor rose is a popular plant that is grown by many growers. To achieve good results, a culture must provide comprehensive care. It includes timely watering, pruning and fertilizing. It is imperative to provide the bush with adequate protection against pests and diseases.