Composition and technical characteristics of deep penetration primers
The main purpose of the deep penetration primer is considered to be the treatment of porous surfaces. When applied, the substance penetrates very deeply into the structure of the material, fills the pores and, after drying, forms a protective film. The composition can be used to process walls, floors and ceilings. This is done before subsequent surface treatment. To achieve an even coating, you must carefully follow the instructions.
Properties and principle of operation of deep penetration primers
The composition is intended for dedusting and strengthening surfaces. Unlike other types of soil, its particles are able to penetrate 10 centimeters into the depth of the material. The elements provide the binding of the loose structure and form a layer on the surface, which increases the degree of adhesion.
Primers differ significantly in their composition. However, this material always consists of the following ingredients:
- Water is a solution diluent. Its amount reaches 80%. Water helps regulate the consistency of the composition and the amount of active ingredients per unit volume.
- Acrylic - Resins serve as bonding functions. They have a reinforcing effect and form a film with high adhesion parameters on the surface.
- Polymers - give the composition high capillary permeability properties. They are responsible for the ability of substances to be absorbed into the substrate as high as possible.
In addition to essential ingredients, products often contain additional ingredients. They expand the scope of the primer and give it new properties. Additional substances include the following:
- Antiseptics are antifungal ingredients. They are used in the presence of fungi, mold and bacteria on the surface of the coating.
- Silicone substances - they have a repellent effect and give the base waterproof properties.
- Latex - increases grip parameters. This component is important when there are high requirements for the adhesion of the layers to each other.
Primers with additives perform several functions at once. Therefore, they are considered universal.
All compositions have approximately the same density - about 1 ton per 1 cubic meter. Therefore, water is used as a solvent.
Varieties and specifications
The primers are different. It is recommended to choose them taking into account the base that you plan to process. All substances are divided into the following types:
- Filling - reduces the hygroscopicity of the coating and its absorption properties. It is necessary to apply the compounds on very absorbent surfaces. They are intended for leveling small irregularities and filling joints in tiles, parquet and parquet. It is allowed to apply filler primers under paint, under plaster, on a plastered wall.
- Film formers - they are also called adhesives.Poorly absorbent substrates are coated with these substances to increase adhesion parameters. After drying, a sticky film appears on the coating. It is much easier to apply plaster on it. With the help of a film-forming primer, it is possible to increase the adhesive properties of the material.
- Deep penetrating - also called penetrant. Penetrating compounds are suitable for surfaces that cannot be dusted. Chalk stains and plaster coatings leave traces of dust on the hands. These primers help bind dust particles and achieve full adhesion to the next coat.
- Reinforcement - are a special type of primer that is used to bind loose surfaces. These substances are classified as deeply penetrating soils, however, they contain a higher amount of adhesive. Due to this, the compositions bind the particles not only in the surface layer, but also at a greater depth. Most often, reinforcing mixtures are used to repair old housing. They are also suitable for renovation.
Separately, it is worth highlighting universal primer mixtures, which differ in the most affordable price. It should be borne in mind that they contain a minimum amount of active ingredients. In fact, they are also soils, but they have weaker properties. Such compositions are used only in the absence of an urgent need for a primer - for example, under wallpaper or for painting.
Ranking of the best brands
Before buying land, you should familiarize yourself with the characteristics of products from well-known manufacturers.
bolar
This company offers quality products.It has scientific laboratories that determine the quality of raw materials and finished products. The primer of this brand helps to strengthen the structure of porous materials, increases the degree of adhesion and reduces the cost of paints and varnishes during subsequent finishing.
Bolars primer has proven itself in the building materials market. Many reviews of this product confirm its economy and quick drying.
Knauf
It is a very large manufacturer of building materials, whose products are widely distributed throughout the world. The company offers its consumers high-quality, environmentally friendly materials that are known throughout the world. The company produces high quality and environmentally friendly materials.
"Optimistic"
This manufacturer offers its customers a separate line of deep penetration primers. Facade silicone primer is used for exterior work. It helps to increase the level of moisture resistance and stabilize vapor permeability indicators. Also, the composition helps to strengthen loose and weak bases.
Interior Primer, which features an acrylic base, can be applied over old oil paint or alkyd enamel. It is allowed to be used for soil treatment. The composition contains an antiseptic component that helps to prevent the formation of mold and mildew. The primer reinforces the structure of the coating.
The penetrating primer concentrate provides a high degree of adhesion. After application, a moisture-resistant protective film forms on the surface. Buyers note the ease of application and good absorption of the composition.In addition, the floor is characterized by low consumption and minimum drying time.
This primer mixture has excellent properties and good quality. However, it also has a number of drawbacks. These include an unpleasant odor and too runny texture.
"Prospectors"
This manufacturer's deep penetration solution is suitable for outdoor and indoor use. It helps to strengthen the base and reduces paint consumption during subsequent finishing. The primer contains antiseptics. They provide protection against mildew and mold.
The advantages of the primer are considered to be an even and durable coating, excellent value for money, high drying speed. Minor drawbacks include a slight odor.
"Texas"
This brand offers a distinct range of deep penetration primers. The "Universal" composition is suitable for application on a porous base before using compositions in aqueous dispersion, filling, laying tiles.
Water-dispersion mixture "Economy" is recommended for interior finishing works. It is suitable for use in rooms with high humidity parameters. Also, the composition can be used as a coating for wallpaper. The solution is suitable for interior and exterior decoration. With its help, it is possible to improve adhesion rates and reduce the cost of paints and varnishes.
The advantages of Tex products include affordable cost, excellent quality, quick drying, excellent adhesion parameters. The product is easily absorbed and helps strengthen the surface. A pungent odor is considered a small inconvenience.
"Ceresit"
This brand itself conducts research and develops technologies for the production of finishing materials.Ceresit CT 17 flooring is considered the most demanded in the building materials market.
The advantages of the product include the ability to use on all absorbent surfaces, ease of application, short drying time, increased adhesion.
In addition, the composition strengthens the surface structure, binds dust and reduces the absorbency of the coating. The substance reduces the consumption of paints and varnishes during subsequent finishing and is considered economical. The disadvantages of the mixture include high cost and pungent odor.
In what cases are used
Deep penetrating compounds can be used for different types of surfaces. Such a primer is necessary to fill the porous structure of concrete. Thanks to its use, it is possible to increase resistance to external factors and improve adhesion with finishing materials.
Concrete has a high density and therefore has a low absorptive capacity. Plastering or painting the coating without prior preparation is ineffective.
The use of a deep penetrating primer is necessary if thick wallpaper is to be pasted. Otherwise, standard adhesives will not be able to hold the sheets to the concrete wall.
Also, the coating can be used for such surfaces:
- plastered walls;
- plasterboard;
- brick decoration;
- gas blocks;
- foam concrete blocks.
These primers are ideal for preparing substrates in damp rooms. They contain antiseptic components that help to avoid the development of pathogenic bacteria.
Step by step guide
In order for the use of primers to give the desired result, it is important to strictly follow the instructions.
Surface preparation
Before applying the primer, the base must be cleaned of dust and debris. You also need to remove oil stains. If there are metal elements on the surface, they must be cleaned of rust.
Primer application technique
It is allowed to apply the primer with a roller or a wide brush, controlling the uniformity of the layer. For large parts, it is permissible to use a spray gun, which will reduce the labor intensity of the process.
Primers are sensitive to cold. Therefore, they should be used at a temperature of + 5-30 degrees. A base with a large number of pores, cracks and cracks should be repaired and primed in 2-3 layers. In this case, it is recommended to use each subsequent layer only after the previous one has completely dried.
Drying time
The drying time is determined by the composition of the mixture. At +20 degrees and 70% humidity, the average drying time is 1-3 hours.
Recommendations from the masters
Some primers contain harmful ingredients. Therefore, when using them, it is recommended to observe the following safety precautions:
- Avoid contact with the skin. Protective clothing should be worn before work and hands should be protected with gloves.
- Wear a respirator or mask. When decorating the interior, ventilate the room well.
- Protective goggles will help protect your eyes.
A deep penetration primer is considered an effective tool that can be used on a wide variety of materials. In this case, it is important to follow the instructions and observe the safety precautions.