Types of Venetian paints and application techniques, how to avoid blisters
People are always striving to decorate their homes, rejecting monotonous standards. Modern materials and technologies allow you to carry out repairs yourself, without building skills and experience. The use of Venetian paint is an economical way to decorate the walls of rooms, which creates the illusion of marble or brocade tiles.
Content
The concept and particularities of the Venetian
Venetian plaster belongs to the finishing of walls of the highest quality and design category, and requires high qualifications from the artist. For its implementation, the smallest particles of natural stones (marble, granite, quartz) based on latex or acrylic sealant are used. Several layers of decoration are applied to the surface, which gives an imitation of a marble slab. The total cost of materials and labor is high.
Modern materials have made it possible to reduce the cost of surface finishing and do not require much experience in carrying out decorative work.Painting the walls using a special technology creates the effect of the Venetian method, replacing the laborious plastering process with a simpler and more affordable one.
Adapted formulas
The composition of the coloring is selected depending on the type of wall covering (plaster, plasterboard, wood), temperature and humidity of the room to be decorated.
Acrylic
Acrylic paints are an aqueous solution of polymeric dyes. It forms a good adhesion to surfaces, does not crack when the temperature drops, is easy to apply and mix on the surface.
Latex
Latex paints are water-based and are similar in quality to acrylic paints. The formulations are non-toxic, odorless and form a breathable (air permeable) coating.
Oil
Paints based on solvents or artificial varnishes. When they work, they demand compliance with safety rules: ventilate the room during and after work, protect the skin.
Coloring technique
The basic rules for staining are the mandatory observance of the sequence of technological operations and the thoroughness of their implementation.
Preparatory work
Regardless of the coloring composition, the surfaces to be decorated undergo mandatory preparation. First, they remove traces of the old coating, check the quality of the plaster layer. If there are any voids due to a loose fit, it is cleaned on a brick/concrete base and re-plastered.
Cracks, sinks, protrusions are cleaned / removed, sealed with putty. After drying, sand the entire wall for maximum smoothness. Dust is removed with a vacuum cleaner. A deep penetration primer is applied to the wall for better adhesion of the paint to the plaster.
When performing Venetian painting with oil paint, the preparatory part includes applying pale pink transparent paint to the wall surface after 2-coat priming.
The tools for applying the paint can be varied. For acrylic and latex, it is best to work with a spatula, brush, foam roller, Venetian trowel. They work with oil paints with a piece of woolen cloth and a brush. Spatulas should be rubber or plastic, as metal leaves a black mark on the coating and can damage the surface.
Reception of the composition and dyeing
For color schemes you will need two containers: for a light and dark shade. Do not mix the pigment with the acrylic or latex composition: there must be a color gradient in the tray (a smooth transition of the color range).
The base coat determines the color of the Venetian. For light colors, the color palette is applied to white plaster. For gray granite decor - painted grey. Under the marble, the base tone will be light brown and dark brown. To achieve the brocade effect, shades of sand and light yellow are taken as the basis.
Overlay
The essence of the imitation method of decoration is the sequential application and processing of coloring layers.
Base
The acrylic base coat is applied with a spatula. You can apply two colors at once or alternately. The borders between the tones are smoothed with a spatula. Then spots are made along the base layer. To do this, on the wet decor, wave movements are made with a crumpled damp cloth, adhering to the sense of the simulated texture. Use a soft brush to shade the boundaries between the "waves" to create a smooth transition.Then smooth the applied layer with a spatula to compact and shine.
When making a Venetian with an oil composition in the preparatory part, it is necessary to paint the surface of the walls with a pale pink transparent paint in 2 layers after priming.
Subsequent
For the second layer, a more transparent shade is taken to give depth to the colored coating. It is also applied with a spatula, trying to do this without observing symmetry and a certain sequence. The edges between the stripes are shaded with a brush / spatula / soft, slightly damp cloth.
The third layer is silvering or gilding, if the decoration is in the style of brocade. Use a crumpled plastic bag to apply gold or silver spots. Wet it in paint, then randomly leave streaks on the wall. Then the spots are shaded with a sponge or a soft brush.
To obtain a Venetian using oil paints, a glaze (translucent) paint is prepared.
The glaze paint contains:
- Oil painting;
- linseed oil;
- drier;
- turpentine.
A few drops of desiccant are poured into turpentine, mixed with linseed oil in a 2: 1 ratio until homogeneous. Oil paint is added to the mixture (the ratio depends on the desired saturation of tone), mix well. Glaze paint is applied with a flat brush, in small stripes (up to 10 centimeters). The paint is rubbed with a woolen cloth and then with a soft-bristled brush.
The end
To imitate the veins, draw the veins with a fine brush, then smooth them with a spatula. Instead of a spatula, you can use a brush or a roller for smudging - a moistened natural fabric.
Ironing
The Venetian should have a brilliant sheen. To do this, each coat of paint (especially the last one) is sanded over the entire surface with a spatula after drying. The tool is held almost perpendicular to the surface, pressing lightly so as not to damage the decor.
Waxing
The final stage in the decoration of wall surfaces. The wax is applied in 2 or 3 coats. Use a spatula for the first time. By capturing a small amount of wax at the tip of the instrument, it spreads on the wall. After 1-2 minutes, when the wax is slightly absorbed into the paint, it is rubbed with a soft cloth until the gloss appears.
The second layer is applied with a rag, no longer afraid that the coloring layer will spoil. After 2 minutes, sand the wax coat until a mirror shine appears. The third coat is applied depending on the quality of the previous two coats.
How to avoid blisters
They start painting once the plaster is completely dry. The surface must be dry and clean. Bubbles appear when a subsequent coat of paint is applied to a wet base. The drying time must correspond to the type of paint chosen. Roughness should be carefully removed by careful sanding with emery paper. The paint should dry completely.
High humidity and temperature in the room slow down the drying of the paint. If the layers have differences in thickness, during drying, stresses will appear between them, which can stretch the surface film and form a bulge.
How to repaint in a different color
Venetian women use two methods to change the color:
- Lighten the decor.To do this, a white glaze based on acrylic is applied to the walls. Using a spatula, the paint is evenly distributed over the surface. When the glaze dries, it becomes translucent, lightening the coloring layer.
- To completely change the color palette, the walls are covered with earth. The stain composition has a high density and will cover the old finish. After drying, other decors can be applied to the walls.
Additional tips and tricks
Using the visual effect of Venetian painting, a small area can be “enlarged” and a more spacious one “compressed”. In the first case, light colors are chosen in combination with silver. In the second, they use saturated cold tones (green, blue), warm (burgundy, apricot), contrasting with a lemon or yellow base.
Golden highlights on the walls will give the room an elegant look. On the ceilings, the paint is applied in a gradient method that mimics a sunset or blue sky. Instead of wax, you can use water-based varnish for exterior and interior. A brush is used for application. Varnished in two steps. The second layer is applied after the complete drying of the first. The resulting shine does not require additional sanding, such as waxing.