Composition and technical characteristics of PVA glue, types and instructions for use
PVA glue is considered a versatile tool used for gluing products from various materials. This adhesive is popular due to its low cost and ease of use. Before using PVA, you need to understand its main features.
Composition and technical properties
It is necessary to know a detailed description of such an adhesive composition and to get acquainted with its technical characteristics.
PVA glue was created by the famous German scientist Fritz Klatt in 1912. However, its commercial production began only after a few years. Today, this adhesive is considered the most popular adhesive used by many people.
To find out about the characteristics of adhesives and their characteristics, you should familiarize yourself with the list of components included in the composition. In the manufacture of glue, polyvinyl acetate, which consists of synthetic fibers and vinalone, is used.In some types of compositions, plasticizers are added, which make them more frost-resistant and plastic. Essential oils, tricresyl phosphate and diisobutyl phthalate are used as plasticizers.
The PVA has the following technical characteristics:
- long shelf life of the adhesive solution, which is 5-6 months;
- resistance to temperature drop;
- fast drying;
- adhesive capacity of 400 N/m.
Scope
Before using the PVA, you need to determine where you can use it. Some people think that glue is only used to stick paper together, but that's not the case. The composition is popular with furniture makers. Special carpentry glue, with which you can fix wooden furniture.
When using such adhesives, a dense film forms on the treated surface, which reliably glues the wood.
PVA is also used in the construction industry. Many builders add it to cement, plaster and primer mortars to increase their durability and strength. In addition, the agent is used in the textile industry to improve the strength properties of textile products. To make the fabric stronger, it is placed in a PVA solution for 10-20 minutes.
Varieties of PVA, features, instructions for use
There are different types of PVA, which differ in their technical characteristics.
PVA building glue
Construction adhesive is an emulsion consisting of polyvinyl acetate and additional components that increase the thickness of the adhesive. A distinctive feature of such a solution is its yellowish tint.
Many are interested in what PVA construction glues and what it is used for. It is used for flooring and vinyl or paper wallpaper.
PVA stationery glue
For gluing cardboard and paper products, use a special stationery solution. In the construction industry it is contraindicated to use it, since it is not able to provide reliable and strong adhesion. Stationery glue mixture is produced in small bottles with dispensers.
Such a composition has several characteristics with which you should become familiar:
- stored for a long time;
- dries in 2-3 hours;
- easy to wash.
AVP
PVA liquid glue is considered a universal tool that is used both in everyday life and in the construction industry. The high density of the composition allows it to be used for gluing linoleum, carpets, wallpaper, ceramic plates and sheets. When working with heavy products, this tool cannot be used, since it will not withstand the loads.
PVA-M
This adhesive is distinguished by its speed of adhesion and its high level of adhesion. During its manufacture, components are added that increase the density of the composition and make it more reliable. Such glue perfectly adheres to products made of the following materials:
- glass;
- Plastic;
- ceramic.
Also, many use PVA-M if you need to glue something to paper. The properties of this super glue make it suitable for use in the construction industry.
What is the difference between PVA glue and PVA-M
To determine which glue is best to use, you should familiarize yourself with the differences between PVA-M and PVA. The main distinguishing feature of funds is their density.PVA-M is thicker, and therefore many use it when making repairs in an apartment.
PVA-Contact
When working with wood, PVA-Contact is often used, which has good adhesion. Among the advantages of the solution, it is distinguished by its resistance to high humidity and sudden temperature changes. During the manufacture of the Contact, plasticizers are added, which increase the density of the composition. Such glue is used during repairs when gluing photographic paper and vinyl wallpaper.
Universal
Before using PVA-Universal, you need to figure out what such a tool is for. It is used during internal repair work. Such a tool makes it possible to glue fabric, cardboard or paper products. In addition, a universal composition is added to cement mortars when laying ceramics or tiles.
The main technical characteristics of the glue:
- hardening time after application to the surface - 18-20 hours;
- the consumption of the composition is 100-200 grams per square meter.
polyvinyl acetate adhesive
Polyvinyl acetate glue is a product that does not have a pronounced aroma and color. At room temperature, the solution is quite rare, but when heated to 50-60 degrees, it becomes more elastic. There are several cases in which a mixture of polyvinyl acetate is used:
- gluing glass, iron, paper or natural leather products;
- attaching MDF sheets to plastic surfaces;
- wood bonding.
PVA glue for household wallpaper
For gluing wallpaper and gluing other paper-based materials, wallpaper glue is used. Using such a composition, wallpaper can be fixed on wood, concrete and other plastered surfaces.
People who have never used home PVA are interested in how to use this solution. When using this product, the glue is applied only to the surface of the paper. It is not worth treating the walls with a solution, as this will deteriorate the quality of adhesion.
Superglue PVA
Most often, superglue is used when repairing or assembling furniture. The advantages of the composition include its heat resistance, strength, moisture resistance and ease of use. Superglue has a shelf life of 20-25 months. However, if you store it in rooms with a temperature below 1-5 degrees Celsius, the shelf life will be reduced to 10-12 months.
Superglue adheres perfectly to wood, plastic, glass, cardboard, paper and leather products.
Wood glue
When working with wood, various adhesives are used, however, the carpenter's variety is considered the most suitable. It is a flexible, high-quality glue that is popular with woodworkers. Its benefits include:
- profitability;
- elasticity;
- resistance to high humidity.
How long does the glue dry
Determining the exact drying time of PVA is quite difficult, as it depends on several factors:
- Temperature indicators. At room temperature, it dries in 5 to 10 hours. Under low rate conditions, drying time is increased by 2-3 hours.
- Surface cleanliness. If the surface to be treated is not cleaned of dirt or dust, the glue will take a long time to dry.
- The load on the bonding area. The glue line dries faster in a vice or press.
- Area.If large pieces stick together, the applied adhesive will take longer to dry.
Safety at work
Before using the PVA, you should read the safety recommendations:
- Skin protection. Experts recommend using protective rubber gloves to keep the glue off your hands.
- Aeration. Many people think that when working with PVA there is no need to ventilate the room, but this is not the case. Aeration is carried out using any adhesive solution.
- Use of auxiliary tools. Adhesives should be applied to the surface to be treated with special rollers or brushes.
Harm and toxicity of products for the body
Is PVA glue harmful? To answer this question, you need to understand the composition of the product. It is made from polyvinyl acetate and plain water. As you know, water is not dangerous and therefore cannot harm a person. Polyvinyl acetate is a colorless component which is also harmless to health. Based on this, we can conclude that PVA is safe for humans.
Analogous products
In addition to PVA glue, there are similar products that can be used to glue various materials.
People often use E-7000, E-8000 and other similar means. They are suitable for bonding textiles, wood, plastics, stone, ceramics and glass. Also, these funds are used for the repair of electronics, shoes and furniture. Their main advantage is considered to be fast setting in 5-10 minutes.
Conclusion
In everyday life and in the construction industry, many use an adhesive solution such as PVA. It is ideal for upholstering and gluing wooden furniture.Before using it, you should familiarize yourself with the types of products, their characteristics and properties.