Types of water-based paint and the 6 main manufacturers, how to apply
When choosing paints and varnishes for interior and exterior work, special attention is paid to the durability and safety of the formulations. The paint, called aqueous dispersion, is made on a different basis, has high adhesion properties, is suitable for interior decoration and for painting facades, it is easy to apply. Consider the main features and rules for using a popular dye and varieties of dispersed compositions.
General information on water-based paint
The basis of the paint is a dispersion of polymeric solid components that do not dissolve and are suspended in an aqueous medium. The solvent of the coloring composition is water. The paint is sold as a thick paste, diluted with water to the desired consistency before use. The finished colorant is a milk-like liquid. The composition is easily applied to the surface, dries quickly due to evaporation of water.As a result, the coloring components harden, form a dense and durable layer with an attractive appearance.
Polymer elements of the composition - petroleum products and resins. The composition of the paint includes:
- Protective films. These substances create protection on the surface of the painted products, provide the adhesion properties of the paint.
- Pigments that give color.
- Technological components providing special properties - antiseptic agents, thickeners, preservatives, emulsifiers. The dye is added to create frost resistance, fire safety.
- Coloring components with dispersing properties - mineral chips (talc, marble, chalk, mica).
The basis of white water-dispersion paints (WDC) is zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. For dyeing, when preparing the dye, water-soluble pigments are introduced.
Characteristics and scope
The main advantage of VDK is that the paint layer is vapor permeable, the surface breathes and there is no greenhouse effect in the premises. Therefore, the product is used for interior work, used for painting walls and ceilings of any premises, including children's rooms. In addition to interior decoration, VDK is used for painting facades, balconies and loggias. The dye is suitable for various substrates - concrete, brick, wood, metal.
Advantages and disadvantages
Water-dispersion paint does not have an unpleasant, pungent smell, which makes it easy to use in homes during renovation.
The dye layer is resistant to mechanical damage and adheres to the surface under all conditions. At high humidity (80%), the coating dries slowly, it is better to paint in dry weather.
Important Specifications
The water-based paint is easy to apply and has impressive performance characteristics. Depending on the base, choose an option for indoor or outdoor use.
Concealment power
Hiding power - the ability of a substance to paint over a surface, to cover a product with a thin, but dense layer, to fill cracks and irregularities. If the setting is low, you will need to overlap several layers to paint the part. The covering power parameter characterizes the consumption of the colorant. According to the standards, the weight of one liter of paint is 1500 grams. At higher weights, excess fillers are fixed in the dye. There is too much water in the low density composition.
Moisture resistance
Moisture-resistant compositions do not suffer from atmospheric precipitation, frequent cleaning of surfaces.Water-dispersion dyes are produced for different conditions - for dry rooms and for use in atmospheric conditions.
The acrylic-based composition is moisture resistant, with the inclusion of PVA - the minimum indicator of moisture protection.
Lightfastness
Protection against the destructive action of ultraviolet radiation is a requirement for compositions for facade and interior work. Polyvinyl acetate dyes do not fade, retain their original color for life. In dimly lit rooms, latex paints are used; in the light, the compositions fade, but are strong and durable.
white
Titanium dioxide gives the paint a snow-white tint. When dyeing on the basis of crystalline white dye, the finished colors are saturated and bright, the shade does not change with the sun and time.
Varieties of scattered paints
The popularity of disperse paints is growing, manufacturers produce compositions on a different basis. The scope of use of dyes varies depending on the components of the composition.
Polyvinyl acetate dispersion
The budget version of the VDK - compositions based on PVA. The dyes adhere to any surface, the whiteness remains crystalline and brilliant. The disadvantage of such paints is low moisture resistance. For facades, wet rooms, polyvinyl acetate dispersions are not used.
Paints are used for finishing ceilings and walls in offices, apartments, painting wallpaper, radiators, wooden products.
acrylic base
Acrylic paints are distinguished by their versatility, the compositions are suitable for both internal and external work.The high price is rewarded with the durability and reliability of the coating. They produce special compositions for facades and interior painting. Facade options do not fade in the sun, do not peel, firmly withstand any vagaries of weather. Acrylic dyes are elastic, hide small cracks and are pleasant to the touch. Surfaces can be washed with chemicals, they do not fade, they are resistant to mechanical stress.
Styrene Butadiene Formulations
Latex VDKs belong to the middle price segment. Dyes are moisture resistant. Ideal for bathrooms, kitchens, basements. The basis of the composition is synthetic or organic rubber. The surfaces can be washed with household chemicals, no change in the color or structure of the coating will occur.
Surfaces coated with latex dispersions fade (yellow) in sunlight. Dyes are not used to paint facades.
Main Manufacturers
Water-based paints are a reliable source of income for the largest manufacturers of paints and varnishes. Products of foreign and domestic companies are in demand on the Russian market.
Marshal
Practical and durable Marshall paints (AkzoNobel holding) are used for interior decoration and exterior work.
VDK Marshall demonstrates an excellent combination of price and quality.
Alpine
The German brand is famous for its environmental friendliness and performance properties.
Alpina water-dispersion paints have many positive reviews and are sought after by do-it-yourselfers and professionals.
Tikkurila
The Finnish brand is one of the most popular in our country.
The company "Tikkurila" has been producing water-dispersion paints for many years, carefully controlling the quality.
Dufa
According to German technologies, VDK is produced under the Dufa brand. There are dyes on the market for interior and exterior.
Ecological compounds can be used for painting in preschool institutions and schools. Can be washed with disinfectants, detergents.
"Lakra"
The flagship of Russian paints and varnishes produces high-quality water-dispersion paints.
The main advantage of paints is their low price compared to analogues.
Dulux
Premium products are produced under the AkzoNobel holding brand.
Products are produced in 24 countries, quality control is carried out at the enterprises.
How to choose the right composition
The choice of aqueous dispersion dyes is excellent. What parameters are taken into account when selecting VDK:
- surface material;
- reputation of the manufacturer;
- exterior or interior works;
- operating conditions - humidity, exposure to light, low or high temperatures;
- availability of certificates, authenticity of goods;
- expiration date.
For gloss effect stains, careful surface preparation is required; when in use, the surface is easier to clean. Matte paints look glossier, the covering power of the composition is higher.
Note: Acrylic colorants are considered universal and are suitable for all types of coatings and all conditions.
How to store it properly
If the storage conditions are violated, VDK loses performance, it is difficult to dilute them. You should buy paint in reputable building markets, where there are warehouses with suitable storage conditions. Overheating and freezing of the VDK negatively affects the quality. Permissible storage conditions are from 0° to +30°.
Application rules
When working on the facade, it is important to choose the right weather conditions to apply the VDK. Recommendations for painting outdoors:
- no wind, otherwise dust and debris particles will stick to the wet coating;
- dry weather - at high humidity the composition dries for a long time, the coating will turn out to be unstable;
- lack of direct sunlight - the dye will dry out too quickly, there will be traces of tools, scratches.
The following conditions are considered ideal - a sunny, cool and windless day (from +4 ° to 25 °), low air humidity, insignificant daily temperature fluctuations.
Preparatory work
The paint will show operational properties if the preparatory work is carried out correctly:
- clean the surface of the old dye, remove the chipped plaster;
- repair cracks, chips with putty, sandpaper after drying;
- clean the walls from construction dust, wash, dry;
- apply a primer adapted to the composition of the VDK.
Antiseptic primers will provide additional protection against fungus.
Dyeing
To paint, you will need the following set of tools:
- brushes of different sizes;
- roller, container for dye - for manual work;
- spray gun - with a large paint area;
- masking tape for surface protection.
They begin to paint when the primer is dry. Coloring sequence:
- thin the paint according to the manufacturer's recommendations;
- knead with a mixer or drill;
- paint corners, difficult places with conveniently sized brushes;
- the spray gun is driven evenly at a distance of 30 centimeters from the wall;
- excess paint from the roller is removed on the ribbed section of the bath, the first layer is carried out with vertical movements, the second - perpendicular to the first.
When painting the ceiling, the last layer is laid perpendicular to the wall with the window. The second layer is applied when the first is completely dry. Water-dispersion dyes are convenient to use and do not require special skills when working. Painted surfaces look attractive, are environmentally friendly and last a long time.