Types and areas of application of fire-retardant paints for wood, the best brands
Wood has a low fire resistance. In this regard, it is recommended to treat the material with special compounds that prevent the spread of fire. These products include fire retardant wood paints. Such compositions do not protect against fire, but they can reduce the degree of damage and slow the spread of flame.
Peculiarities of fire-retardant paints for wood
Refractory paint comes in the form of a quick-hardening solution. The basis of the material is the "liquid glass" filler. The latter is understood as kaolin wattalc, perlite or any other substance resistant to open flames. These components serve as the basis. In addition to these substances, the composition includes pigments and additives that improve the properties of the material.
Fire retardant paint will not extinguish the fire. Instead, this composition, after curing, forms a layer that absorbs heat and slows the spread of flame.
Refractory paints do not contain flammable solvents. These materials are resistant to moisture and retain their original properties at low temperatures. In addition, the decorative characteristics of these dyes do not differ from the usual ones. That is, refractory materials are available in a wide range of grades.Moreover, these formulations can be tinted by mixing with various pigments.
Varieties
Fireproof paints are divided into 2 types: intumescent and non-intumescent. The first group includes coatings that, under the influence of an open flame, expand in volume, forming a thick layer of foam on the surface of the wood. This reduces the likelihood of fire contact with the base. After extinguishing the fire, the burnt finish can be removed and the wood retreated.
The second group includes materials that form a thin film on the surface that looks like glass. There are also other grades of flame retardant paints. One of these classifications divides coatings according to the effectiveness of preserving wood in an open flame:
- Dyes that ensure a loss of no more than 9% of the original volume of the wood.
- Paints and varnishes providing a loss of the order of 9 to 30%.
- Materials that give a loss of more than 30%.
Another gradation provides for the separation of colorants depending on the type of binder component:
- Soluble in water. These formulations are environmentally friendly and do not contain toxic substances. In the event of a fire, the material remains effective for two hours. But the performance of water-soluble formulations deteriorates at low temperatures or high humidity. Also, over time, the active components are leached out.
- Dyes based on organic solvents. They are used in conditions where there is a risk of ignition of petroleum products. The material retains its original properties for a long time.
- Epoxy based dyes.These coatings are considered the most effective, since their original properties are retained at temperatures from -60 to +60 degrees and after contact with aggressive chemicals.
Due to the fact that fire-retardant paint is used for the treatment of wood, antiseptic and antifungal substances are often included in the composition of such a coating.
Apps
Fire paint is mainly used for interior work for painting various wooden structures, including:
- doors and jambs;
- supporting structures;
- herringbone;
- attic structures;
- ceilings, walls and floors;
- window frames.
Depending on the type of composition, these materials can be used for painting living quarters, children's rooms, medical institutions and others. Some coatings resistant to environmental influences are used in the treatment of outdoor structures, including gazebos and facade cladding.
These paints can be applied to wood containing no more than 10% humidity. It is allowed to use the material when processing porous surfaces.
Choice criteria
According to fire safety regulations, flame retardant paints must meet the following criteria:
- Multiple layers can be applied.
- Resistant to corrosive processes. Thanks to this property, the dye protects the surface from moisture.
- Resistant to environmental influences. Fireproof paints must retain their original properties under conditions of temperature change and humidity.
- Increased plasticity. This property provides the ability to stretch or compress during heating and cooling of the treated surface, the dimensions of which also change under similar conditions.
- Lack of toxins.This requirement is due to the fact that in case of contact with an open fire, the dye should not emit substances that are dangerous to the human body.
- Long life expectancy. High-quality paints, after drying, retain their characteristics for 15-20 years.
When choosing a suitable material, consider the area of application. In particular, if there is a risk of ignition of petroleum products, then it is necessary to purchase a tincture based on vegetable solvents.
Review of the best brands and manufacturers
When choosing refractory paints, you should pay attention to the following brands:
- Ogneza;
- Wooden master proof;
- Neomid.
The first brand produces paints with the following characteristics:
- withstand direct heating up to +50 degrees;
- available in white;
- safe for children;
- correspond to the first and second class of protection;
- Apply firmly and evenly to prepared surface.
The disadvantages of Ogneza brand products include a long drying time for each coat, which is why the painting process takes a long time.
Wood Master Proof materials are characterized by the following characteristics:
- protect against mold, rot and mildew;
- are water resistant due to the presence of synthetic substances in the composition;
- long life expectancy;
- dry quickly;
- protect the surface from accidental fire.
The main disadvantage of the materials of this brand is the too high price. Compared to Ogneza, Wood Master Proof products cost 4-5 times more.
Neomid paints are characterized by the following shades:
- are used exclusively in heated rooms;
- safe for people;
- to provide protection against fire, it is enough to apply 2 coats;
- the highest level of fire safety in accordance with GOST;
- the service life is 10 years;
- economic consumption.
Among the minuses of Neomid products, buyers identify a pungent odor that appears when painting surfaces.
Rules and features of the application
It is necessary to process wood with refractory paint at room temperature and humidity not exceeding 70%. Before starting the procedure, it is recommended to apply a primer to the base.In addition, the surface should be cleaned of burrs, old finishing materials and grease.
Refractory paint is applied by brush, roller or spray gun. The number of layers to be covered with wood depends on the type of material chosen. The curing time is also determined taking into account the type of bonding components. On average, this period is 15 days. That is, for the specified period it is necessary to avoid contact of the treated surface with fire.
When staining wood, it is necessary to strictly follow the manufacturer's recommendations indicated on the package. Due to non-compliance with these requirements, the coating will not gain sufficient strength.