Types and labeling of containers for selective waste collection and how to sort

For the separate collection of waste in the modern world, a sorting system is used, which involves the installation of special containers. Much of the work of sorting waste falls on the shoulders of consumers, who must strive to fulfill their responsibilities in good faith. Sorting household waste is part of our program to preserve the environment and reduce our carbon footprint.

What is the purpose of separate garbage collection?

Selective waste collection is a system in which household waste is sorted according to individual criteria. This allows the fractions to be used for recycling and further use. Sorting solves the following tasks:

• helps isolate waste that can be reused;
• reduce the cost of garbage collection;
• reduce the area of ​​land used for waste disposal;
• helps return consumables to industrial production;
• reduces the indicators of general environmental pollution.

Before the industrial revolution, waste selection was not necessary. The organic nature of the origin of household waste meant rapid decomposition and destruction in a natural way. With the growth in the production of plastic and hard-to-decompose household items, the problem of recycling has arisen.

The first steps were taken in the second half of the 19th century in the United States. Then in Europe they began to study the practice of sorting, because industrial production generated several large-scale garbage crises.

In the second half of the 20th century, a modern waste disposal and collection system was created in Germany. Special urns for the collection of glass were installed in the streets, and after a few years a multi-chamber system was installed, with appropriate collection explanations.

Since the 2000s, selective waste collection has become widespread. It took 20-30 years to implement a working system that worked smoothly in Europe and America. Over the years, collection systems began to be introduced in Russia and on the territory of post-Soviet countries.

How waste is disposed of from different containers

The problem of waste disposal is an acute problem for modern industrial enterprises and ordinary inhabitants of megacities. Numerous dumps significantly spoil the appearance of adjacent territories. The waste collection system facilitates the task of the companies in charge of the collection. But the rules were not worked out to the end.At any stage of the performance of work, violations and failures are possible.

Depending on the type of origin, the waste is divided into groups:

1. From manufacturing.This group includes various wastes from the production of furniture, household items. Homogeneous compositions that do not require further selection are recognized as production waste.
2. Consumption. Household waste is a mixture of various materials that differ in their physical and chemical properties and are not homogeneous compositions.

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Municipal Solid Waste, or MSW, is divided into 5 hazard classes. To begin disposal, the company must determine the hazard class and obtain a passport in accordance with Rospotrebnadzor standards.

The companies holding the obtained license are responsible for the disposal of waste from 1 to 4 hazard classes. They have the right to collect, store and dispose of garbage. Waste disposal is carried out by the following link in the order, who is responsible for this. Garbage, according to the rules and norms established by the legislation of the field of natural sciences, is subject to one of the actions:

1. Recycling. The export takes place on the territory of the processing plants.
2. Interment. Once the materials have been treated and neutralized, they are buried in landfills designated for this purpose.
3. Burning. After filtration and removal of flammable and explosive materials, combustion is started using roasting ovens and multi-chamber ovens.

Benefits

Recycling is an approach to utilizing waste for the benefit of humanity. So far, there are proponents of the theory, which is based on the denial of the modern approach.

For the environment

The main benefit of harvesting is the preservation of the environment. Large-scale deforestation for paper production is carried out every year. Recycling garbage can reduce cutting demands.

Some schools in Europe and America basically refuse to use paper to create textbooks, switch to electronic versions, and also position the use of secondary raw materials only.

Financial component

Manufacturing products from recycled materials uses less energy than manufacturing from scratch. This factor saves industrial costs.

Recycling of raw materials

The advantage is that it allows you to reduce the cost of goods without losing quality. The use of recycled products is diversified.

Landfill disposal

The system of converting waste into consumer goods makes it possible to considerably reduce the surface area of ​​landfills.

Landfills are dangerous to the environment for several reasons:

• the greenhouse effect leads to a deterioration in air quality;
• harmful particles from buried waste and waste end up in water that is used for drinking by the population;
• putrefactive processes develop in landfills, which negatively affect the flora and fauna of a particular area.

How it affects the economy of the country

Garbage collection and disposal is a separate expense line that is constantly monitored by government agencies. The garbage reform shows that regulating the problem of recycling requires investment from the state. At the same time, managers understand that having a recycling system in place will lead to building a system that will benefit the economy of the country.

Related Issues

The collection, sorting, storage and disposal of garbage are the responsibility of regional companies. The population begins to pay separately the expenditure item for the management of municipal solid waste, or MSW. There are many shortcomings in this area, but the country is moving towards solving the problem, which can only please consumers.

How to sort waste by type of waste

A waste classification system is provided, which makes it possible to efficiently select different fractions. Waste is divided into groups of species.

Glass

The material from which food bottles, medicine and cosmetic bottles are made belongs to the group of environmentally friendly waste. Glass lends itself to melting and recycling.

Reference! Glass is sorted separately from crystal chips, car glasses, light bulbs.

Metal

In everyday life, metal is used in the composition of cylinders for various aerosols. The metal is collected by individual companies. Its transformation is a branch of production.

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Used paper

The collection of waste paper is carried out by separate bodies. Newspapers, magazines, books, notebooks are accepted for processing. This group does not include wallpaper, food packaging.

Plastic

A cheap material that takes a long time to decompose. Plastic tolerates any type of recycling well, so it is one of the most demanded materials for the creation of secondary raw materials.

Organic

Decomposing organic matter is suitable for fertilizing the soil. It is used as a landfill material, which poses no threat to the environment.

Dangerous waste

The class of hazardous waste consists of thermometers, rechargeable batteries, batteries, lamps. For collection use special containers.

Attention! Hazardous waste must be stored and treated in a special way.

Varieties of containers

The container designation system in a special way helps to navigate the purpose of the container. Dyeing containers in different colors was invented by Swedish specialists and recognized as one of the most successful practices.

Two-tone marking

The use of two colors is a simplified model. In the streets of certain regions, containers of 2 colors are installed:

• grey: intended for the disposal of organic waste;
• blue or orange: suitable for dry solid objects.

Marking in four colors

The use of four colors makes sorting easier for operators. On each tank, in addition to the color, there are icons and inscriptions that make it possible not to confuse the type of container:

• blue: for paper, cardboard, prints;
• yellow: for metal objects;
• green: glass is thrown here;
• orange: used for plastic waste.

Net containers

This type of tank is intended for the disposal of plastic bottles. Plastic bottles of any size can be passed through the coarse mesh. A small amount of material is used to create a mesh container, reducing costs for waste recycling companies.

What waste should not be thrown in the trash cans

A group of waste deserves a separate mention, which must not be thrown in the trash cans together with other waste:

• batteries, accumulators, lamps;
• mercury thermometers;
• medications;
• beauty products;
• Oil painting;
• aerosols;
• products containing chlorine.

How to organize a trash can at home

The culture of sorting waste begins at home. This is an issue that is increasingly being raised by activists. Garbage distribution does not take long if the space is well organized. Housewives most often use different garbage bags or containers. It is customary to store solid household waste on a balcony or terrace before disposing of it. Many inhabitants of megalopolises negotiate with their neighbors about storing certain types of waste on the stairs.

Attention! The correct attitude to the problem of waste disposal consists in awareness of this problem and a rational approach to its solution.

Quirky home solutions

Manufacturers of products for home and everyday life offer owners of houses and apartments ready-made solutions that simplify the organization of waste disposal. After purchasing special devices, owners can only organize space and distribute disposal and storage steps among family members.

Thirty kb

It is a simple pedal-operated urn consisting of removable inner containers.

Bttcher-Henssler

This is a German design company that produces unusual items for the home and office. The design duo oversees environmental activist organizations. The company produces multi-colored containers for the storage and collection of street waste.

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Recycle bag set

Designer Textile Bag Set for Home Use is a set of four multi-colored eco-friendly household waste bags.Each bag with handles has a drawing of the type of waste. Designers suggest throwing away wine bottles, paper, jewelry.

housmus

The set consists of three containers in different colors.

Totem

A trash can, which is a set of containers of different sizes.

Flap basket

Italian manufacturers offer special, minimalist containers with several openings for sorting household waste. They are small containers with lids extending from the surface that can fit in any space.

Ovetto

The basket by Italian designer Gianluca Soldi is a container with three alternating sliding compartments for sorting paper, plastic and food waste. For plastic, a press is provided at the top of the structure, which makes it possible to reduce the space in the basket.

The design was shown at the London exhibition to critical acclaim.

Tri3 bin

French designer Constance Hesse has developed a bucket with three functions. The basic principles, according to the author of the project, are: movement, ease, wonder. The container opening mechanism is based on pressing the pedal.

Barcode recycling station

It is a state-of-the-art waste management system. The container has a special scanner window that reads barcodes on the packaging. After reading the code, a special opening in the container is opened for the waste class.

The bin

It is a disposable basket which, when folded, is a simple shirt. When unfolded, it comes in the form of six disposable containers which are alternately tied together.

Separating garbage into different factions is a problem humanity is facing. A conscious attitude to the problem of waste disposal will reduce the emission of harmful substances into the environment and save natural resources.