Formula and composition of aluminum phosphide, instructions for use and preparations
Insects and rodents are often found in grain stores; toxic substances contained in fumigants are used to destroy them. Consider the properties of aluminum phosphide, the formula of the compound, the effect of parasites on the body, toxicity and characteristics, the production of a substance in the process of production. Which insecticidal products contain aluminum phosphide.
Physical and chemical properties
It is an active substance of pesticides, related to FOS. Aluminum phosphide (formula AlP) is a white or yellowish compound, soluble in water and acids, almost insoluble in organic solvents. When it interacts with water or water vapor in the air, a toxic gas, phosphine, is formed, which is a poisonous agent. All that remains is aluminum hydroxide, which has no chemical effect.
The fumigant is produced in the form of tablets or small granules; in addition to the active substance, the composition contains ammonium carbamate and dry paraffin. Due to the inert components, the decomposition reaction does not start immediately, but after 1-4 hours after contact with water. The action of tablets or granules lasts 0.5-2 days. The speed of interaction depends on temperature and humidity levels.When 1 tablet disintegrates, 1 g of phosphine is released, 1 granule - 0.2 g.
The gas is heavier than air, so it concentrates at the bottom of the room, easily penetrates into cracks and hard-to-reach places. Due to this property, the FOS agent is used for the treatment of cereals stored in bulk and in bags, flour, dried fruits, cereals in warehouses and in storage facilities against insects harmful to all stages of development and rodents.
Effects of phosphide on pests
Phosphine is highly toxic to many species of insects and animals. It enters the body through the respiratory organs. It has a depressing effect on the central nervous system, interrupting breathing, disrupting metabolism, affecting blood vessels, liver and kidneys.
Gas treatment does not harm products that retain their taste, appearance, smell, the quality of finished flour products does not deteriorate. The substance does not interfere with seed germination and can be used to treat seed seeds. Processed foods quickly erode, after which they can be processed or fed to animals.
Properties and toxicological characteristics
Phosphine mainly enters the body by inhalation; it can also form when the drug is in the stomach. When the product is swallowed, obvious symptoms of gastrointestinal poisoning appear: vomiting, stomach pain and headache. It is dangerous for a person to inhale a high concentration gas for a short time and a long time in a small gas. Phosphine poisoning can be acute or chronic.Acute poisoning is divided into degrees: mild, moderate and severe.
Aluminum phosphide belongs to drugs with 1 class of danger, is not used in everyday life, only specially trained people should work with it.
When working with a poisonous substance, it is necessary to exclude the possibility of contact with the interior, in the eyes, on the skin and on food. Store fumigant in sealed containers to avoid contact with moisture and air. If the storage conditions are met, the pesticide can be stored for a long time.
Reception
To form a substance in production, phosphorus is mixed with aluminum powder and heated until the reaction begins. Paraffin and ammonium carbamate are also added to phosphides, inert components control gas evolution. The mixture is then compressed into tablets. The granules and tablets produced consist of 56-57% aluminum phosphide and 43-44% inert substances.
Preparations using aluminum phosphide
Funds containing this substance are most often used to destroy barn pests, rodents in warehouses and storage facilities for grain and its products. In agriculture, drugs are used in the form of tablets: "Alfos", "Alfin", "Dakfosal", "Djinn", "Katfos", "Quickfos", "Foskom", "Fostoksin", "Fosfin", "Fumifast ", "Fumifos", "Fumishans".
Aluminum phosphide is a toxic compound, an active substance of fumigants. Preparations containing it are used to treat attics from insects, mice and rats.For the processing of living quarters and food warehouses in private family plots, it is prohibited due to its high toxicity and the need to work with it in chemical protective equipment.