5 types of primers for screeds and a rating of the best brands, how to apply them
Using a screed primer solves a whole host of problems. With its help, it is possible to reduce the absorbent properties of the coating, strengthen its base and increase the parameters of adhesion. In addition, special agents have an antiseptic effect. To achieve the desired results, it is important to follow the correct coating rules. Otherwise, there is a risk of uneven distribution of the substance.
Properties and functions of a screed primer
Applying a primer is considered a mandatory step when using a cement or sand screed. This also applies to aerated concrete. The use of a special substance allows to achieve the following results:
- to bind dust and dirt;
- strengthen the coating;
- reduce the absorption characteristics of the coating;
- achieve a high degree of adhesion;
- achieve an antiseptic effect.
Any material applied over primer will not dry quickly. This means that it will turn out to be quite durable and strong. If the repair work is carried out incorrectly, there is a risk of the appearance of air bubbles or the saturation of the material with excess moisture. Therefore, the soil is applied to the ground. This helps prevent these problems.
Advantages and disadvantages of applying a primer coat
The use of primers has the following advantages:
- increase the degree of adhesion, which provides excellent adhesion to the subsequent coating due to the mutual penetration of the layers;
- compacting a loose structure by filling pores and voids;
- dust removal;
- decrease in water permeability;
- protection against moisture, the formation of mold and mildew - this is especially important in rooms with high humidity.
At the same time, the use of land is practically devoid of disadvantages. However, in order to achieve the desired results, it is important to choose the right composition and strictly follow the rules of its application.
What primer is suitable for screed
It is allowed to use different types of soil under the screed. They differ in their composition and characteristics.
Polyurethane
This soil belongs to deep penetrating compounds. The mixture contains solvents and dyes. The substance is applied before pouring the self-leveling material. It can also be applied on concrete floors. Often the polyurethane primer is applied after the screed - before using the enamel.
Such impregnation makes it possible to obtain the following results:
- prevent the accumulation of a large number of bacterial microorganisms and the formation of mold;
- strengthen the surface;
- protect the coating from moisture penetration;
- reduce dye consumption.
The soil contains microscopic binder particles, which provide deep penetration of the particles into the concrete and blockage of the pores.Such substances, in fact, glue the upper structures of the soil.
Polyurethane primer normally perceives the effects of aggressive chemical elements and can withstand any stresses. Therefore, the material is often used for floors in industrial premises.
Epoxy
When carrying out repair work in a room with high humidity, the floor surface requires special protection. Two-component epoxies are perfect for this.
They are distinguished by a high degree of reliability, penetrate deep into the structure of the material and well protect the surface from the influence of moisture. The main disadvantage of the material is considered its high cost.
Reinforcement
Such a floor is a low-viscosity polymer composition that is spread over the surface of freshly laid or hardened concrete. It helps to reduce dust accumulation, improve coating durability and improve water repellency.
Generally, these soil types are often referred to as deep penetrating substances. After drying, the substance will polymerize. Thanks to this, it provides an additional screed for the base material.
Concrete contact
This composition is an adhesive primer. However, in essence, it's glue. The substance is made of acrylic and quartz sand. The second component gives the smooth base a rough texture. The material has many advantages. These include in particular the following:
- fast drying rates - literally in 2 hours you can start the next stage of work;
- long period of operation - according to the manufacturer, the coating can be used for 80 years;
- reliable protection against moisture penetration - after drying, the primer forms a film that successfully performs waterproofing functions.
Other
For priming floor coverings, it is allowed to use other types of compounds. The most popular substances are:
- Mineral - may contain glue, cement, antiseptic components. In addition, the composition often contains film-forming, water-repellent and adsorbent substances. Such a floor can be used for a concrete base. It dries quickly and is considered completely safe. At the same time, the composition can hardly withstand the influence of aggressive substances.
- Liquid glass - helps make concrete more resistant to moisture. The composition includes sand, silicates, soda. Apply the primer to the concrete floor to create a flawless, water-resistant surface. The substance sets quickly, but does not last long.
- Glycophthal Primer - Typically used for treating metal surfaces. Thanks to this, the base becomes stronger. The material is suitable for indoor use. It takes 24 hours for the coating to dry.
- Perchlorovinyl compound - used for brick and plaster surfaces for exterior work. It is also allowed to treat concrete surfaces that are on the street with the substance. It only takes an hour to dry the floor.
- Polyvinyl acetate primer - used if it is necessary to apply polyvinyl acetate paint to the surface. The composition is suitable for different types of soils. Drying takes no more than a quarter of an hour. With the help of such a primer, it is possible to reduce the need for paints and varnishes for further processing.
Selection recommendations
To select a high-quality primer, you need to take into account many characteristics - type of surface, composition, degree of impact, form of release.
On the treated surface
All soil types fall into 2 broad categories:
- universal - it is allowed to use it both indoors and outdoors;
- highly specialized - intended for interior or exterior work only.
So, for rooms with high humidity, an acrylic solution is suitable. Quality material should contain components that will help prevent the formation of mold and mildew. For the same reason, before the screed, it is worth processing the floor of basements and other rooms not exposed to the sun.
If the surface of the concrete has large defects or delamination, it is worth choosing a deep penetration primer. Otherwise, there is a risk that the screed will not work.
A phenolic primer is suitable for treating wooden surfaces. However, it is important to consider that the material can cause poisoning. Therefore, during work it is very important to use protective equipment and systematically ventilate the room.
By composition and degree of impact
According to the composition, the following types of primers are distinguished:
- Epoxy - a special solvent is needed to dilute it. The surface treated with this type of floor receives excellent moisture protection characteristics. It is used for arranging floors in the bathroom, swimming pool or toilet. It is allowed to apply the composition on a slightly damp surface.
- Acrylic is considered the most popular material. It can be applied to different types of surfaces - brick, concrete, wood. The solution is considered completely safe.There are various forms of release on sale - concentrated and ready-to-use formulations. It is permissible to use ordinary water as a thinner. It takes no more than 4 hours to dry. Acrylic primer is not suitable for dark iron.
- Alkyd - most often used for application to wood. The primer softens its surface. Due to this, the concrete screed adheres perfectly to the wood. It does not crack or peel. It takes 10-12 hours for the primer to dry. After such treatment, the tree is not affected by fungus, mold and rot. Zinc phosphate or chromate is used as the base of the substance.
- Perchloric Vinyl Acid is a specialist primer suitable for concrete, brick and metal surfaces. The substance contains toxic components, therefore it is allowed to use it only for outdoor work. For metallic coatings, a special line has been created that quickly stops the corrosion process. Drying takes 1 day.
- Polystyrene - most often used for wood processing. Since the composition contains toxic ingredients, the substance should be used for outdoor work.
- Polyvinyl acetate - contains latex and polyvinyl acetate dispersion. The material is suitable for application on brick, stone, plasterboard substrates. After applying the primer, it is possible to obtain a resistant film, which only takes 15-30 minutes to dry.
- Glyphthalic - the base includes an alkyd varnish mixed with stabilizers. The composition can be used in closed rooms for application to metal. Plus, it takes 24 hours to dry.
Depending on the degree of impact, the following soil types are distinguished:
- Surface Penetration - Suitable for solid substrates that do not need to be reinforced from the inside.The material penetrates the soil structure by 2 to 3 millimeters.
- Deep Penetration - used for weakened and loose structures that need to be strengthened from the inside.
By release form
According to the form of release, the following types of soil are distinguished:
- concentrated - they must be diluted;
- ready to use - just shake them up and apply them to the surface.
Ranking of the best brands
The most sought after brands that produce quality primers are:
- "Prospectors" - the composition is able to fill microscopic pores and cracks. It contains quartz sand, which significantly increases the adhesion characteristics of the base with the finishing material.The composition can be used for both external and internal works.
- "Ceresit" - the company has been known in the market for about 100 years. It manufactures high quality products that are in demand. Groundbaits have a water dispersion base. They use synthetic resins as the main component.
- "Optimist" - the manufacturer offers primers for outdoor and indoor use. They are produced in the form of finely dispersed latex solutions with the addition of quartz sand, antiseptic components and modifying additives. The composition can be used for cladding in rooms with high humidity. It has leveling properties and improves adhesion.
- "Tex" is a versatile product that can penetrate porous surfaces to a depth of 6 millimeters. Due to its good absorbent properties, the primer can be used for external and internal use.
How to properly prime under the screed
In order for the application of a primer under the screed to be effective, it is important to strictly observe the rules for carrying out the work.
Soil consumption and features of the preparation of the solution
The costs of materials are different - it all depends on the composition of the primer, the condition of the floor, the number of layers. On average, the consumption of a primer is 200-350 grams per square meter of surface. However, the approximate material consumption is indicated on the packaging.
Tools required
To facilitate the priming process, you need to purchase a special container - a paint bath. It is allowed to apply the material with a roller or an ordinary brush. It is also worth preparing personal protective equipment.
Preparing the concrete floor
To prepare the surface, it is worth doing the following:
- Clean the floor of dust, dirt, oil and other stains.
- Remove mortar balls and loose particles.
- Close the cracks.
Priming technique
The primer must be diluted under the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The composition can be applied by roller or brush. In this case, it is important to monitor the temperature and humidity of the coating.
Coat drying time
The drying time is influenced by the composition and characteristics of the surface. On average, it takes 4-12 hours.
Continuation of work
Further work depends on the destination of the part. After applying the primer, you can proceed to finishing with paints and varnishes or tiles.
Recommendations from the masters
When using soil, you must follow these rules:
- pay attention to the preparation of the surface;
- choose the right primer composition;
- control the humidity and temperature parameters in the room.
The use of special screed primers has many advantages. They help to level the surface and increase grip parameters. In this case, it is important to follow the rules for applying materials.