The device and the drawings of the spray booth, how to assemble it yourself
Every motorist has painted a car at least once; for this task, a spray booth is used - a small room equipped for painting work. It is not difficult to build and equip the camera with your own hands, the main thing is to observe the technical requirements. For one-time painting, it is more profitable to use the services of a gas station, but for a motorist who decides to open a small business, brushes are the best solution.
Description, purpose and principle of operation
A standard automotive paint booth looks like a box in which a heat exchanger and ventilation equipment are installed. A filter device must be installed that cleans the air streams of dust particles. High-quality exhaust equipment eliminates the haze formed when spraying the coloring composition and volatile toxic compounds. The room is considered compliant with safety measures when the exhaust system extracts the already filtered air to the outside.
The car paint kit is supplied with temperature sensors and turn signal regulators, as well as artificial lighting close to daylight.
The building can be end-to-end and dead-end.
The classification of paint booths is based on the diagram of the ventilation system. Assign brushes:
- with wall hoods located around the perimeter (the most common option);
- with floor exhaust valves in the gaps;
- with floor hoods in the trenches.
Ventilation systems used in spray booths are single-engine and twin-engine. The first ones suck in the airflow from above, and the polluted air is exhausted through the lower channels. The second, by means of a motor, sucks in air, with the help of the second they remove it from the chamber. Single engine units are ceiling and floor type, twin engine units mean the valves are wall mounted.
Benefits of using a spray booth
A do-it-yourself paint chamber is the best option for a motorist who often paints a car. The main requirements are compliance with safety rules and rules for the use of coloring compositions.
Most often, a paint booth is equipped inside the garage.
How to equip the room
The main requirements for a part that will become a paint box:
- excellent ventilation equipment;
- lighting devices that give light as close as possible to daylight;
- stable temperature conditions during the process of drying the painted surface (car coloring compositions are sensitive to temperature fluctuations above 3 ° C);
- lack of drafts and cracks;
- compliance with environmental technology and fire safety, health protection.
In the chamber, part of the space is reserved for the storage of coloring compounds, equipment, work clothes, personal protective equipment and tools.
Finishing and equipment
The location of the building does not matter. It is important that it is convenient to drive to the door. It is advisable to make a separate door for the entrance of working personnel. The indoor home camera should be finished with a non-combustible material. The best option is a metal profile. The insulating material is also chosen to be incombustible.
Ventilation, filtration and drying
The main condition for the operation of the spray booth is stable and high-quality operation of air circulation and heating devices. They must:
- draw a flow of pre-filtered air into the chamber;
- clean the air of dust and coloring particles;
- discharge the purified air outside;
- maintain optimal temperature indicators;
- carry out the drying by ensuring a continuous circulation of hot air.
The paint booth should be free of areas not covered by the ventilation system.Otherwise, the paint result may be of poor quality.
How to build a spray booth with your own hands
Build a paint booth following the strict rules applicable to the buildings described. Installation of ventilation equipment is the most crucial stage of work, it is better to entrust it to a specialist, since improperly installed ventilation will make it impossible to work in the bedroom.
It is desirable to make two exits. Doors - standard or sliding. The key is that they open effortlessly, allowing workers to evacuate quickly in an emergency, and are tightly sealed to prevent dirt and sediment from entering the chamber.
Choice of equipment for boxing
When building a car brush with their own hands, they choose materials resistant to high temperatures. The optimal design basis is a metal frame or sandwich panels.
A commonly used insulating material is foam boards, but they are fire sensitive. They also use polyurethane foam insulation, but this is negatively affected by ultraviolet light. Another good option is mineral wool.
Wall and floor decoration
The floor of the spray booth is slatted with a filtration system underneath. The real coating should be done only in the area where the painting will be done. The depth of the empty space under the grating does not exceed 1 m, the walls must be concreted. If this work is not possible, then a metal pool with walls 30 cm high can be used to install a filtration system.
Insulated walls are sheathed with a heat-resistant material, preferably metal.
It is recommended to paint the interior walls of the chamber with white paint, against which car paint defects are noticeable. If a tiled wall covering is planned, then it is advisable to take a matte tile. Magnetizing film coating for walls is becoming more and more popular. It attracts airborne dust particles and prevents them from settling on the freshly painted surface of the car. The action of the film is enough to paint about ten cars, then the coating is replaced.
We equip ventilation
A high-quality, properly installed ventilation system performs several functions in the paint booth:
- eliminates the haze of the dye sprayed by the spray gun;
- provides air exchange;
- maintains the required temperature regime;
- filters contaminated air flows, provides their reverse circulation;
- cleans the air before painting.
High performance ceiling systems are optimal for the spray booth, preventing dust particles and small debris from entering the work space. It is best to use two-stage systems, first cleaning the air of larger particles of debris, then of smaller particles. If there is high humidity in the room, air preparation units are required, thanks to which the air flows are dried.
The ventilation system must switch from painting mode to drying mode. The first functional mode involves the passage of purified air at 25-27°C, the elimination of dust in suspension. In the second mode, air jets of 45-90°C enter the chamber; a heat exchanger is installed to heat the air.
It is extremely important when designing a ventilation system to correctly determine the location of openings to the outside.Otherwise, "blind" areas not captured by ventilation will form in the paint block, which will negatively affect the result of painting the car. Therefore, in the floor trench, units are installed that draw air to the outside.
Lighting organization
The light inside the spray booth should be intense, but close to natural, without cutting into the eyes. The lighting fixtures are placed in such a way that glare and shadow zones do not form on the surface of the vehicle. The light should be diffused, the intensity of the luminous flux - 600-2000 lm.
The lamps are installed in the paint booths:
- luminescent;
- incandescent;
- LEDs.
Fluorescent lamps are characterized by a high coefficient of thermal efficiency and save on lighting. Lights are built into the ceiling and walls to provide a good view of the car from above and to the sides. The disadvantage of fluorescent lamps is the need to dispose of them according to environmental safety requirements, since there is mercury inside the device.
Incandescent lamps are cheap, but they have low luminous efficiency, high heat radiation rate and short life. It is advisable to use vacuum tubes for the paint booth. Devices with a mirror or a matte bulb are optimal.
LED lights are the best option for a spray booth. They are energy efficient, glow evenly, without blinking, environmentally friendly, heat resistant. The service life reaches 50 thousand hours. The only downside is the high cost compared to other devices.
How to make a water curtain camera
A self-painter with a water curtain is an upgraded version of the spray booth.
When water is sprayed, a haze of paint is created. The fan integrated into the ceiling of the room dilutes the air by rotating the blades, sucking in the polluted air flows through the channels of the chamber located in the lower part of the curtain. Particles of dust and drops of dye accumulate on the front of the device, which are then poured into a special container. Contaminated air streams trapped in the interior sector of the box are further cleaned.
A camera with a water curtain can be purchased or you can build it yourself. The design includes a metal container filled with water and covered with a grid, a pump, process control panels.
Among the finished products, Italian products are considered to be of the highest quality, creating several waterfalls. In the spray booths of domestic enterprises, an irrigation system is used to purify the air. And the last phase of cleaning involves dry filtration.
Maps
In the work you can use different designs of the paint box.
The arrangement of the spray booth is carried out in stages:
- find a room with the appropriate dimensions;
- draw up plans of premises, assembly diagrams of structural elements and internal devices;
- installation of exhaust equipment;
- finishing, facing activities;
- installation of filtration and heating devices, installation of furniture.
A third of the equipment installed are filtration and heating systems. First you need to draw a paper diagram of the camera, describe the main and secondary elements. Then you need to purchase stocks and devices for further work, boxing equipment (ventilation system, heat exchanger, lighting devices).
It won't hurt to buy a generator if the electricity suddenly goes out. Hang reliable locks on the door and gates, because purchased equipment is not cheap property.
As a rule, car enthusiasts who start their own small business use semi-professional equipment and devices at an average price. This allows fairly high-quality painting of cars without excessive financial costs. Serious companies and service stations use professional equipment for work, which costs much more.