Do-it-yourself design and arrangement of a country toilet, interior design and decoration
Every summer cottage should have a toilet, because people need a place to relieve themselves. In general, outside the city limits there is no central sewage system, and therefore people have to deal independently with the arrangement of toilets in the countryside. Therefore, it is recommended to determine in advance how this can be done.
Varieties of designs
Before proceeding with the arrangement, you need to understand the main types of structures.
With a sump
The most common is construction with a cesspool, which can be dug anywhere in the suburban area. However, you should not dig it near residential buildings or nearby bodies of water. The only drawback of such a toilet is that it will have to be cleaned periodically. To do this, you will need to use a special sewage machine, which is responsible for pumping out the waste.
Non-return cupboard
Another popular design that is often installed in a summer cottage is a backflow closet.In terms of features, such a toilet is not much different from a cesspool. The main difference is in the location of such a hatch, which should be located in the yard. Therefore, you should not install it away from home.
Experts recommend installing a backflow closet inside wooden houses.
Compact
People who do not want to spend a lot of money on installing a toilet can pay attention to powder closets. Such designs are distinguished by minimal cost. Installing them is several times more profitable than digging cesspools on the site. Toilets are small houses, inside which a toilet seat and a tank are installed. Once the container was full, it was taken out to the street and cleaned from the rubbish. The main drawback of the closet is considered an unpleasant smell, which is difficult to get rid of.
Dry cabinet
Some owners of summer cottages install special dry closets. The most common type of such structures are Finnish peat closets. When using such devices, the accumulated waste is removed with the help of small sawdust or peat. They have excellent hygroscopicity, due to which they absorb liquids well. Also, with the help of sawdust and peat, it is possible to get rid of all unpleasant odors.
chemical toilet
Liquid chemical cabinets, which can be installed in the country, are popular. They are equipped with special tanks filled with a chemical liquid. It mixes with the accumulated waste and transforms it into a homogeneous mixture. This eliminates unpleasant odors. When there is too much substance, it can be drained into a sump or compost pit.
Bathroom
Sometimes people don't want to install the toilet outside, and so they equip the bathroom inside. It can be located anywhere in a residential building. The main thing is that its location does not in any way contradict sanitary or hygienic standards. In this case, one of the walls in the bathroom must be load-bearing.
Toilets should have an outer wall, as this greatly simplifies the arrangement of the ventilation system.
How to choose the location of the sump structure
People who decide to start creating a cesspool should decide in advance where to place it.
distances
First of all, you need to determine the optimal distance from the buildings located at the summer cottage.
Down to the basement
On the territory of each plot there is a basement, which is used for storing canned goods. Some believe that closets can be installed near such cellars, but it is not worth it. If you place it too close, an unpleasant odor can enter the basement. Therefore, experts advise to install the structure at a distance of 12-15 meters from the cellar.
Before the bath
Some people have a sauna, bath or shower on the territory of their summer cottage. Since some cupboards can give off an unpleasant odor, they should be placed further away. The distance between the bath and the toilet should be about eight meters. However, experts advise placing the structures further away so that unpleasant odors do not exactly get into the bath and spoil the bathing procedures.
To the nearest body of water
Sometimes there is a tank not far from the dacha. In this case, it is necessary to determine in advance the optimal distance between the country closet and the body of water.It is not recommended to install it too close so that the waste does not fall into the water. It is necessary to install the structure at a distance of 15-20 meters.
From the fence
In almost all areas, a special wooden or metal fence is installed, which protects the territory of neighboring summer cottages. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the optimal distance between the fence and the toilet. Structures should be one and a half meters apart.
It is not worth installing a closet too close to the fence, as an unpleasant smell will penetrate into the neighboring territory.
Trees
People who install toilet structures in the garden must determine the distance to the nearest trees. A distance of at least four meters is made between tall trees and the closet. At this distance, the root system of the tree will not penetrate the sump. If there are no trees in the territory, but there are lush shrubs, the structure is removed from them by 1-2 meters.
The influence of the wind rose
When choosing a suitable place for an outdoor toilet in the yard, you should take into account the wind rose. The direction of the wind largely depends on the amount of vegetation and buildings on the territory. When choosing a place, you should think not only of yourself, but also of your neighbors. Therefore, to install the closet, a windless area is selected so that the unpleasant smell does not penetrate into the neighboring courtyard.
How to build with your own hands
In order to properly install the structure, you need to know the tips and tricks in advance.
classic version
There are several ways to build a structure, but the classic version is popular.
Dimensions (edit)
First you need to decide on the dimensions of the future structure. The size of the closet should be such that it is convenient to use it later. Experts recommend making a width of about one and a half meters and a height of 2-3 meters. However, if necessary, these sizes can be extended, it all depends on the wishes of the owners. You should not make the toilet too small.
Pour the concrete slab
Having decided on the dimensions, they begin to pour the concrete floor. The work is carried out in several stages:
- Site marking. It is made to determine the corners and boundaries of the structure.
- Blockage of pipes. For work you will need four cement-asbestos pipes, treated with putty.
- Digging into pipes. They are driven into the ground by 65-75 centimeters.
- Pouring concrete mortar. It should be poured so that it covers a third of the pipe.
To build a home
The process of building a house includes four successive stages.
Design
Before you start building a house, you need to develop a drawing. The drawing is necessary to determine in advance the dimensions of the structure and the location of its elements. When creating a drawing, you need to be careful not to make accidental errors in the calculations.
Frame
First you need to determine the material that will be used to create the frame. To make it, you need to use a wooden beam 80 or 50 millimeters wide. Thicker materials should not be used. In the manufacture of the frame, the following structural elements are installed:
- four vertical supports;
- harness for fixing the roof;
- frame for installing doors;
- screed walls.
Fortification with bricks
Some people want the structure to be as strong as possible and therefore try to reinforce it with bricks. They are arranged in several rows on the sides of the frame. In this case, it is better to use white bricks, as they are more durable.
Wall cover
Sometimes, instead of bricks, they decide to simply sheathe the walls with wooden planks. In the coating process, durable panels with a thickness of about twenty millimeters are used. They are nailed to the frame and tightly fitted to each other. The boards are located in a vertical position.
If the roof is sloping, the top of the attached boards will need to be carefully cut.
Ventilation
The vent pipe must be laid out of the pit. It is installed near the back mesh of the toilet. It is fixed to the wall with clamps. The upper part of the pipe is taken out 70-80 centimeters above the roof of the structure, and the lower part is located at a depth of 10-15 centimeters below the ground.To prevent debris and rainwater from getting inside the ventilation, a special visor is installed.
Roof window
A small window should be made under the roof of the structure. It is used not only for additional ventilation of the room, but also to improve lighting. It is not necessary to make a window too large. Its size should not exceed one third of the total width of the wall.
Roof
When building a toilet, a reliable roof must be made. For its shelter, it is better to use the same material as on the other buildings of the summer cottage. However, sometimes this is not possible and you have to choose something else. Metal tiles or corrugated cardboard are used as the facing material.You can also use wood, but in this case it will have to be covered with an additional layer of roofing material.
Door
In closets, it is customary to install wooden doors hung on metal hinges. The number of hinges depends on the severity of the door leaf. Before installation, you need to think about the mechanism for closing the doors. You can use an ordinary hook or an iron latch.
Features of the construction of a powder closet
The installation of the powder closet is carried out as follows:
- choose a place to place a structure;
- to build a home;
- preparation of a container in which peat with waste will be placed;
- creation of a toilet seat;
- installation of a waste tank, which will be installed in a box with peat.
Subtleties of interior design and decoration
The interior decoration of the closet is carried out after the completion of the exterior works. Polyethylene is installed inside the ceiling and walls. It is used as a vapor barrier. A crate is attached from above, which is sheathed with plasterboard. The surface of the drywall can be plastered and painted.
How to beautifully decorate a street toilet
In order for the built country toilet to look beautiful, you need to think over their design in advance. The surface of the walls can be covered with a beautiful decorative stone. Interior decoration can also be decorated with finishing materials. Also, a beautiful design can be created by using plants planted near the structure.
Drawings and diagrams that may be useful
When creating a structure, you may need special diagrams and drawings that will simplify further work. Their use will help not only to reduce the time spent on construction, but also to save financial resources.Ready-made construction schemes can be found on the Internet.
Examples of ready-made solutions
There are several ready-made solutions that you can use:
- Birdhouse. It is a common form of closets. In this case, an ordinary toilet of a rectangular shape is being built.
- Triangle. These designs outwardly resemble a hut due to their triangular shape. This type of washbasin withstands snow load and gusts of wind well.
- Rhombus. The diamond-shaped structures look like a wooden cabin. To build such a toilet, you will need a lot of building materials.
Conclusion
Some owners of summer cottages have to equip the toilet themselves. Before that, you need to familiarize yourself with the common types of structures and the peculiarities of their creation.