Painting technology with water-based paint and rules for its application

Water-based paint is a mixture of water with coloring pigments and small insoluble polymer elements, which are suspended in the structure. As the moisture dries, a thin but very tough polymer film forms on the painted surface. It gives painted objects an attractive appearance. There are many advantages to painting with water-based paint. In this case, it is important to observe a number of rules.

Advantages and disadvantages of aqueous emulsion

Water-based polymer colorants include polymers and additives. These include thickeners, fillers and other ingredients. They do not dissolve in water, but remain in the composition in the form of a suspension.

The following advantages are characteristic of water-based dyes:

• High drying speed. On average, it takes 2-5 hours. The higher the ambient temperature, the shorter the drying time. The optimum temperature regime is +20 degrees. In this case, the humidity settings should be 65%.
• No pungent smell.After renovation, an intense smell of paint can linger in the room for a long time. After using an aqueous emulsion, this problem no longer arises.
• Ease of application. Long-term preparation is not required to use the substance.
• High degree of elasticity. Due to the special composition, it is possible to eliminate the risk of cracks on the surface.
• A variety of choices. With the help of special pigments it is possible to get a paint of any color. There are mostly white or colorless materials on the market.
• Affordable price. This is especially true when painting large spaces.

At the same time, water-based paints have some drawbacks. The significant drawbacks are:

• Limited surface cleaning capabilities. This procedure can only be performed a certain number of times.
• Difficulties of application on the enamel.
• Incompatibility with drying oil or organic solvents.
• Impossible to paint the metal without 1-2 coats of primer.

How to choose the right paint

The quality of the repair is influenced by a number of factors. In this case, the finishing material is of paramount importance. It is recommended to choose it according to a number of criteria. Consider the following with regards to water-based paint:

• Color;
• degree of gloss;
• the possibility of leaving;
• hygroscopicity parameters.

Color

Water-based paint can have over 200 shades. At the same time, it is impractical to produce paints in such a wide range. Therefore, manufacturers made white the base color, and in parallel offered it coloring dyes.

By mixing colors with a white base, it is possible to obtain complex color solutions that have not yet been found on the market.In addition, modifying the proportions of the different pigments makes it possible to obtain different intensities of hue.

You can mix the dye with pigments in store or at home.

Tinting is used to assess the appearance of the walls after painting, since the tint of the diluted dye does not match the color of the dried coating.

To achieve the desired result, it is worth applying the diluted paint to the wall in a small area. After 2-3 hours it will be possible to assess the appearance of the painted surface. If necessary, it is allowed to tint the color by adding the required pigments to the paint container.

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Degree of gloss

The appearance of the surface is influenced not only by the chosen shade of paint, but also by the degree of gloss. The paintings are as follows:

• Deep matte - they look very impressive and respectable. In addition, such a surface does not tolerate wet cleaning. Even a single exposure can cause texture violation at the micro level. As a result, shiny spots form on the surface.
• Matte - they help visually expand the room. However, on such a surface, all staining defects are more clearly visible. In addition, it cannot be washed with a damp cloth.
• Semi-matte - perfectly hides imperfections in the preparation of the walls for painting. These dyes are characterized by high abrasion resistance. They wash well.
• Glossy - accentuates surface imperfections. At the same time, leaving does not pose any particular problems.
• Semi-gloss - easy to clean.

Hygroscopicity

The rooms in an apartment always differ in their level of humidity. All of them can be roughly divided into the following types:

• dry - these include the nursery, living room, bedroom;
• with high humidity - this group includes a corridor or corridor;
• with very high humidity - this includes a toilet, kitchen, bathroom.

For painting surfaces in damp rooms, it is recommended to use moisture-resistant types of dyes. This characteristic must be taken into account when purchasing equipment.

Ease of maintenance

According to ease of care, paints differ in the following varieties:

• not suitable for wet cleaning - these surfaces can only be cleaned with a dry cloth or vacuum cleaner;
• washable - it is allowed to use a damp cloth or sponge for cleaning with detergents;
• indelible - they can be cleaned exclusively with clean water.

Variety of composition

The type of dye is influenced by the type of polymer present in its composition. There are 4 main types of water-based paints:

• Acrylic - their main ingredient is acrylic resin. These products are very resistant to moisture. Thanks to this, they are allowed to be used outdoors. Such coatings do not fade or crack. They can be washed up to 5000 times. This type of paint can be applied to wooden, glass, concrete, brick surfaces. They are licensed to paint primed metal and plaster.
• Silicate - the main ingredient of these products is water glass. The paint can last 20 years. It can be used for any mineral coating. It is distinguished by its vapor and air permeability. At the same time, the substance does not provide surface protection in conditions of high humidity.
• Silicone - the basic component is a silicone resin. This substance has all the advantages of acrylic and silicate dyes. It is distinguished by a high degree of resistance to atmospheric factors, ultraviolet light and fungal infections.
• Latex - the basic ingredient of such formulations is latex polymer. It is resistant to humidity, but at the same time it allows steam and air to pass through. The service life of the painted surface reaches 15 years. Latex paints are ideal for indoor and outdoor use.

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How to calculate the expense

The average consumption of water-based dyes is 200 grams per square meter. However, more precise parameters depend on the composition type:

• Acrylic emulsion has a standard consumption of 180-250 grams per square meter when applying the first layer. The second layer will need 150 grams of substance.
• When using silicone emulsion, it is worth using 300 grams of product per square meter when applying the first layer. For the second layer you will not need more than 150 grams.
• Silicate dyes are less economical in consumption. When applying the first layer, it is worth using 400 grams of substance. The second layer will require 300-350 grams of funds.

In addition, the following characteristics affect water-based paint consumption:

• Tools used for painting. The most economical option is a regular brush. The roller has a higher consumption. However, a lot depends on the accessory used. Using a roller with a long nap almost doubles the material consumption. The spray gun offers higher working speed. However, it can be difficult to determine the consumption of the composition, especially for beginners.
• Air temperature. The higher the parameters, the greater the paint consumption. This is due to the rapid evaporation of the moisture present in the composition.Low temperatures have a similar effect as the mortar cannot adhere to the base layer.
• Air humidity. It is quite difficult to work in very dry rooms. Under such conditions, the consumption of the dye increases significantly. This is due to the absorption of a large amount of liquid by the surface.
• The correctness of the preparation. The main stage is the application of putty if the surface has significant defects. It is also imperative to prime the coating. It is advisable to do this in several layers.
• Application technology. This parameter, as a rule, is given a minimum of attention, but it is also considered very important.

Tools and materials required for coloring

To achieve the desired result, it is recommended to prepare a number of tools:

• a whisk or drill with a dye stirring attachment;
• brushes - 2-3 flat brushes may be needed for work, the width of which differs;
• artificial bristle roller;
• a pallet with a ribbed platform;
• masking tape;
• telescopic handle.

Preparatory work

To achieve the desired effect after staining, it is worth preparing the countertop well. To do this, it is recommended to proceed as follows:

• Clean and degrease the coating. In this case, it is necessary to take into account its type. It is recommended to wash the shaft with a special agent and treat it with a degreasing agent. Whitewash should be washed off with a hard sponge. It is recommended to remove the oil paint with a hair dryer or a drill with a nozzle. The wallpaper must be removed. It is recommended to moisten the old water-based emulsion well and remove it with a scraper.
• Cover the surface with a primer. This is especially true for metal products.Water-based paint simply won't stick without a primer.
• Sand the surface. This will require sandpaper or a sander with a set of attachments.
• Cover the cracks. It is allowed to do this with a dye for exterior use. A putty is also suitable for this purpose.
• Clean the surface from dust, treat with an antiseptic agent and dry.

Padding

Use a roller to cover the surface with a coat of primer. It is recommended to apply the composition in several layers and dry the coating well. This makes it possible to minimize the costs of water-based paint and significantly increase the adhesion parameters.

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Coloring Instructions

In order for the water-based paint to lay flat and last as long as possible, it is recommended to apply it correctly. In this case, it is important to take into account a number of characteristics.

Paint preparation

It is recommended to dilute the paint with water before painting. A more fluid texture is needed to create the first layer.

Dyeing

After diluting the dye, color should be added to the composition. It is quite difficult to do it yourself. If it is not possible to turn to specialists, you can simply whiten the walls with base paint. Whitewash is also suitable for the ceiling.

If you still need to give the white paint a different shade, it is recommended to add pigment to it and mix with a mixer or drill. If you do not have a special tool at hand, it is recommended to take a thin stick.

painting technique

Painting surfaces with water-based paint can be done with different tools.

Brush

It is recommended to paint hard to reach areas with a brush.To do this, it is dipped in the prepared paint and the substance is carefully distributed in the right places.

Roll

It is recommended to apply the paint with a roller starting from the top of the wall. It is recommended to move gradually to the floor. Leave the coating for 12-24 hours, then apply a second coat.

Spray gun

In the case of using this tool, it is recommended to cover all objects that are in the room with a film. Before refueling the spray gun, you should carefully study the instructions for it.

Tinting technology is considered not too complicated. In this case, the following characteristics should be considered:

• Refuel the tool. Pour the paint into the tank, then turn on the device.
• Configure equipment. To do this, it is recommended to point the nozzle at a sheet of cardboard and spray the composition until a thick cloud forms.
• Spray paint. In this case, the nozzle should be placed perpendicularly, placing it 40-50 centimeters from the surface. By pressing the button, the device should be moved up and down. This should be done at a speed of 1 meter in 5 seconds. Once the surface is dry, a second coat can be applied. In this case, it is recommended to move the spray gun from left to right. If there are spots or streaks on the surface, the composition should be sprayed again.

Features of decorative painting

Water-based paint can be used to create interesting textured surfaces - for example, to get decorative plaster. To achieve the desired result, first apply the base shade of foundation. In this case, it is worth using a roller with medium or harder nap. This will help fill in the grooves.

Then, with a bald roller or sponge, it is recommended to carefully cover the protruding surface fragments with the help of a dye of a different shade. This will help you get the volume and visual effects you need.

Rules for the maintenance of the painted surface

After painting surfaces with water-based paint, they must be properly maintained. In this case, it is important to follow certain rules. Such compositions are not distinguished by a high degree of strength, therefore the surface requires careful handling.

To clean the walls, consider the following:

• First remove visible stains. They should be cleaned with a sponge or soft cloth.
• Do not rub in the same place. This will lead to visible differences.
• Gentle circular motions should be used to wash away dirt. As a result, the wall will take on a new look.

Using water-based paint allows you to achieve a beautiful and even surface. In this case, it is important to choose the right substance and strictly observe the rules of its application.